Abstract
This study examined the effects of kinetin (KIN) and indoleacetic acid (IAA) sprayed on the leaves of salinity-stressed maize (Zea mays L. cv., DK 647 F1) plants grown in field conditions. Salt stress was created by adding 100 mM NaCl to the irrigation water through a drip irrigation system during the irrigation schedule. Kinetin (KIN), indole acetic acid (IAA), and their combinations were sprayed foliarly. Salt stress (S) reduced the total dry matter, grain yield, chlorophyll content, and relative water content (RWC), but increased electrolyte leakage and proline accumulation in the maize plants. Foliar applications of both KIN and IAA treatments overcame to variable extents the adverse effects of NaCl stress on the earlier mentioned physiological parameters. However, the combination of KIN plus IAA did not improve salinity tolerance in maize plants. Salt stress increased Na^+ concentration, and reduced those of Ca^{2+} and K^+ in the leaves of maize plants. Foliar application of both KIN and IAA significantly reduced Na^+ concentration and increased those of Ca^{2+} and K^+. Foliar application of KIN and IAA, especially at 2 mM, counteracted some of the salt induced adverse effects by enhancing essential inorganic nutrients as well as by maintaining membrane permeability.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced maize dry matter, grain yield, chlorophyll and water content.
- Treatment
- Salt stress (S)e0
- Outcome
- total dry matter, grain yield, chlorophyll content, and relative water content (RWC)e0
- Direction
- reducede0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress (S) reduced the total dry matter, grain yield, chlorophyll content, and relative water content (RWC)”
t0“maize plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased electrolyte leakage and proline accumulation.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased electrolyte leakage and proline accumulation in the maize plants”
e1“Salt stress (S) reduced the total dry matter, grain yield, chlorophyll content, and relative water content (RWC)”
t0“saline conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar KIN and IAA partly overcame adverse salinity effects.
- Treatment
- KIN and IAA treatmentse0
- Outcome
- adverse effects of NaCl stresse0
- Direction
- overcamee0
- Comparator
- NaCl stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar applications of both KIN and IAA treatments overcame to variable extents the adverse effects of NaCl stress on the earlier mentioned physiological parameters”
t0“maize plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined KIN and IAA did not improve maize salinity tolerance.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the combination of KIN plus IAA did not improve salinity tolerance in maize plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased leaf sodium concentration.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress increased Na^+ concentration”
t0“maize plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced leaf calcium and potassium concentrations.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced those of Ca^{2+} and K^+ in the leaves of maize plants”
e1“Salt stress (S) reduced the total dry matter, grain yield, chlorophyll content, and relative water content (RWC)”
t0“saline conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar KIN and IAA reduced leaf sodium concentration.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar application of both KIN and IAA significantly reduced Na^+ concentration”
t0“maize plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar KIN and IAA increased leaf calcium and potassium concentrations.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased those of Ca^{2+} and K^+”
e1“Foliar applications of both KIN and IAA treatments overcame to variable extents the adverse effects of NaCl stress on the earlier mentioned physiological parameters”
t0“maize plants”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 15 papers →kinetin · tolerance: abiotic · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
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indole-3-acetic acid · tolerance: abiotic · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
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salinity · molecular: metabolites · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
39 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction
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See all 52 papers →salinity · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
50 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
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- negative
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See all 54 papers →8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.