Abstract
Dwarfism with a "Green Revolution" phenotype is a desirable agronomic trait for crop cultivators as associated with increased yield, improved lodging resistance and higher fertility. Few dwarf mutants of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum), except for Rht-B1 and Rht-D1, have been identified. Here, we report on a novel dwarf natural wheat mutant, which is identified as a gibberellic acid (GA)-insensitive dwarf (gaid) mutant for its semidominant blocking GA signaling pathway. Physiological and morphological investigations showed that the shoot elongation of gaid mutant plants is insensitive to exogenous GA(3) treatment. Expression of TaGA20ox1 in the gaid mutant was enhanced after GA(3) treatment. The short stem of gaid resulted from reduced cell elongation. The transcript expression of Rht, encoding a DELLA protein negatively regulating GA signaling in wheat, displayed similar patterns between gaid and wild type. Contrarily, the degradation of Rht induced by GA(3) treatment was suppressed in the mutant. 2-DE screening assay showed that the expression patterns of the mutant, as well as their responses to GA(3), were changed as compared with the wild type. In the mutant, one of enriched proteins was identified as TaCYP20-2 by Q-TOF MS approach and immunoblotting. TaCYP20-2 was localized in the chloroplast and cell plasma membrane. The transcript of TaCYP20-2 was higher in gaid than that in wild type. Molecular genetic data showed that overexpression of TaCYP20-2 in wheat resulted in a dwarfism similar to that of gaid. It suggests that TaCYP20-2 is a new member that regulates wheat stem development mediated by DELLA protein degradation of GA signaling pathway.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
The gaid mutant was identified as a semidominant GA-insensitive dwarf.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Material
- gaide0
- Outcome
- gibberellic acid (GA)-insensitive dwarf (gaid) mutante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“identified as a gibberellic acid (GA)-insensitive dwarf (gaid) mutant for its semidominant blocking GA signaling pathway”
t0“in Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot elongation in gaid was insensitive to exogenous GA(3).
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- gaide0
- Treatment
- exogenous GA(3) treatmente0
- Outcome
- shoot elongatione0
- Direction
- insensitivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the shoot elongation of gaid mutant plants is insensitive to exogenous GA(3) treatment”
t0“in Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
GA(3) enhanced TaGA20ox1 expression in gaid.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- gaide0
- Treatment
- GA(3) treatmente0
- Gene
- TaGA20ox1e0
- Outcome
- Expression of TaGA20ox1e0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Expression of TaGA20ox1 in the gaid mutant was enhanced after GA(3) treatment”
t0“in Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced cell elongation caused the short stem in gaid.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- gaide0
- Outcome
- short steme0
- Qualifier
- reduced cell elongatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The short stem of gaid resulted from reduced cell elongation”
t0“in Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Rht transcript expression patterns were similar in gaid and wild type.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- gaide0
- Gene
- Rhte0
- Outcome
- transcript expression of Rhte0
- Direction
- similar patternse0
- Comparator
- wild typee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The transcript expression of Rht, encoding a DELLA protein negatively regulating GA signaling in wheat, displayed similar patterns between gaid and wild type”
Claim · model-written summary
GA(3)-induced Rht degradation was suppressed in gaid.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- GA(3) treatmente0
- Gene
- Rhte0
- Outcome
- degradation of Rhte0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedMaterialComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the degradation of Rht induced by GA(3) treatment was suppressed in the mutant”
t0“in Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Mutant protein expression patterns and GA(3) responses differed from wild type.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- expression patterns of the mutant, as well as their responses to GA(3)e0
- Direction
- changede0
- Comparator
- wild typee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the expression patterns of the mutant, as well as their responses to GA(3), were changed as compared with the wild type”
t0“in Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
TaCYP20-2 was enriched in the mutant.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- TaCYP20-2e0
- Outcome
- enriched proteinse0
- Direction
- enrichede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the mutant, one of enriched proteins was identified as TaCYP20-2”
t0“in Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
TaCYP20-2 localized to the chloroplast and cell plasma membrane.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- TaCYP20-2e0
- Outcome
- localized in the chloroplast and cell plasma membranee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TaCYP20-2 was localized in the chloroplast and cell plasma membrane”
t0“in Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
TaCYP20-2 transcript abundance was higher in gaid than wild type.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- gaide0
- Gene
- TaCYP20-2e0
- Outcome
- transcript of TaCYP20-2e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- wild typee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The transcript of TaCYP20-2 was higher in gaid than that in wild type”
t0“in Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpressing TaCYP20-2 caused dwarfism resembling gaid.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- overexpression of TaCYP20-2e0
- Gene
- TaCYP20-2e0
- Outcome
- dwarfism similar to that of gaide0
- Comparator
- gaide0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“overexpression of TaCYP20-2 in wheat resulted in a dwarfism similar to that of gaid”
Claim · model-written summary
TaCYP20-2 was proposed to regulate wheat stem development through DELLA protein degradation in GA signalling.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Gene
- TaCYP20-2e0
- Outcome
- wheat stem developmente0
- Qualifier
- mediated by DELLA protein degradation of GA signaling pathwaye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TaCYP20-2 is a new member that regulates wheat stem development mediated by DELLA protein degradation of GA signaling pathway”
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- no effect
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See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.