Abstract
The changes in plant growth, relative water content (RWC), stomatal conductance, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system in relation to the tolerance to salt stress were investigated in salt-tolerant Plantago maritima and salt-sensitive Plantago media. The 60 days old P. maritima and P. media seedlings were subjected to 0, 100 and 200 mM NaCl for 7 days. Reduction in shoot length was higher in P. media than in P. maritima after exposure to 200 mM NaCl, but 100 mM NaCl treatment did not show any effect on shoot length of P. maritima. Shoot dry weight decreased in P. media and did not change in P. maritima. Two hundred millimolar NaCl treatment had no effect on leaf RWC in P. maritima, but it was reduced in P. media. Salt stress caused reduction in stomatal conductance being more pronounced in P. media than in P. maritima. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (CAT; EC 1.11.1.6), glutathione reductase (GR; EC 1.6.4.2) decreased in P. media with increasing salinity. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX; EC 1.11.1.11) activity in leaves of P. media was increased and showed no change under 100 and 200 mM NaCl, respectively. However, activities of CAT, APX and GR increased under 200 mM NaCl while their activities did not change under 100 mM NaCl in P. maritima. SOD activity in leaves of P. maritima increased with increasing salinity. Concomitant with this, four SOD activity bands were identified in leaves of P. maritima, two bands only were observed in P. media. Peroxidase (POX; EC 1.11.1.7) activity increased under both salt concentrations in P. maritima, but only under 200 mM NaCl in P. media. Confirming this, five POX activity bands were identified in leaves of P. maritima, but only two bands were determined in P. media. Malondialdehyde levels in the leaves increased under salt stress in P. media but showed no change and decreased in P. maritima at 100 and 200 mM NaCl, respectively. These results suggest that the salt-tolerant P. maritima showed a better protection mechanism against oxidative damage caused by salt stress by its higher induced activities of antioxidant enzymes than the salt-sensitive P. media.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
At 200 mM NaCl, shoot length reduction was greater in P. media than P. maritima.
- Taxon
- P. media
.jpg?width=60)
Plantago mediae0 - Treatment
- 200 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- Reductione0
- Comparator
- P. maritimae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Reduction in shoot length was higher in P. media than in P. maritima after exposure to 200 mM NaCl”
Claim · model-written summary
At 100 mM NaCl, P. maritima shoot length showed no effect.
- Taxon
- P. maritima
Plantago maritimae0 - Treatment
- 100 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- did not show any effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“100 mM NaCl treatment did not show any effect on shoot length of P. maritima”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot dry weight decreased in P. media.
- Taxon
- P. mediaPlantago mediae0
- Outcome
- Shoot dry weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot dry weight decreased in P. media and did not change in P. maritima”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot dry weight did not change in P. maritima.
- Taxon
- P. maritimaPlantago maritimae0
- Outcome
- Shoot dry weighte0
- Direction
- did not changee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot dry weight decreased in P. media and did not change in P. maritima”
Claim · model-written summary
At 200 mM NaCl, P. maritima leaf relative water content was unaffected.
- Taxon
- P. maritimaPlantago maritimae0
- Treatment
- Two hundred millimolar NaCle0
- Outcome
- leaf RWCe0
- Direction
- had no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two hundred millimolar NaCl treatment had no effect on leaf RWC in P. maritima, but it was reduced in P. media”
Claim · model-written summary
At 200 mM NaCl, P. media leaf relative water content declined.
- Taxon
- P. mediaPlantago mediae0
- Treatment
- Two hundred millimolar NaCle0
- Outcome
- leaf RWCe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two hundred millimolar NaCl treatment had no effect on leaf RWC in P. maritima, but it was reduced in P. media”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced stomatal conductance more strongly in P. media than P. maritima.
- Taxon
- P. mediaPlantago mediae0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- stomatal conductancee0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Comparator
- P. maritimae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress caused reduction in stomatal conductance being more pronounced in P. media than in P. maritima”
Claim · model-written summary
SOD, CAT, and GR activities declined with rising salinity in P. media.
- Taxon
- P. mediaPlantago mediae0
- Treatment
- increasing salinitye0
- Outcome
- Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (CAT; EC 1.11.1.6), glutathione reductase (GR; EC 1.6.4.2)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (CAT; EC 1.11.1.6), glutathione reductase (GR; EC 1.6.4.2) decreased in P. media with increasing salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
P. media leaf APX activity increased at 100 mM NaCl.
- Taxon
- P. mediaPlantago mediae0
- Treatment
- 100e0
- Outcome
- Ascorbate peroxidase (APX; EC 1.11.1.11) activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ascorbate peroxidase (APX; EC 1.11.1.11) activity in leaves of P. media was increased and showed no change under 100 and 200 mM NaCl, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
P. media leaf APX activity did not change at 200 mM NaCl.
- Taxon
- P. mediaPlantago mediae0
- Treatment
- 200 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- Ascorbate peroxidase (APX; EC 1.11.1.11) activitye0
- Direction
- showed no changee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ascorbate peroxidase (APX; EC 1.11.1.11) activity in leaves of P. media was increased and showed no change under 100 and 200 mM NaCl, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
P. maritima CAT, APX, and GR activities increased at 200 mM NaCl.
- Taxon
- P. maritimaPlantago maritimae0
- Treatment
- 200 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- activities of CAT, APX and GRe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“activities of CAT, APX and GR increased under 200 mM NaCl while their activities did not change under 100 mM NaCl in P. maritima”
Claim · model-written summary
P. maritima CAT, APX, and GR activities did not change at 100 mM NaCl.
- Taxon
- P. maritimaPlantago maritimae0
- Treatment
- 100 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- activities of CAT, APX and GRe0
- Direction
- did not changee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“activities of CAT, APX and GR increased under 200 mM NaCl while their activities did not change under 100 mM NaCl in P. maritima”
Claim · model-written summary
P. maritima leaf SOD activity increased with salinity.
- Taxon
- P. maritimaPlantago maritimae0
- Treatment
- increasing salinitye0
- Outcome
- SOD activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SOD activity in leaves of P. maritima increased with increasing salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Four SOD bands were identified in P. maritima leaves versus two in P. media.
- Taxon
- P. maritimaPlantago maritimae0
- Outcome
- SOD activity bandse0
- Value
- foure0
- Comparator
- P. mediae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“four SOD activity bands were identified in leaves of P. maritima, two bands only were observed in P. media”
Claim · model-written summary
POX activity increased at both salt concentrations in P. maritima.
- Taxon
- P. maritimaPlantago maritimae0
- Treatment
- both salt concentrationse0
- Outcome
- Peroxidase (POX; EC 1.11.1.7) activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Peroxidase (POX; EC 1.11.1.7) activity increased under both salt concentrations in P. maritima”
Claim · model-written summary
POX activity increased only at 200 mM NaCl in P. media.
- Taxon
- P. mediaPlantago mediae0
- Treatment
- 200 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- Peroxidase (POX; EC 1.11.1.7) activitye1
- Direction
- increasede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but only under 200 mM NaCl in P. media”
e1“Peroxidase (POX; EC 1.11.1.7) activity increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Five POX bands were identified in P. maritima leaves versus two in P. media.
- Taxon
- P. maritimaPlantago maritimae0
- Outcome
- POX activity bandse0
- Value
- fivee0
- Comparator
- P. mediae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“five POX activity bands were identified in leaves of P. maritima, but only two bands were determined in P. media”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf malondialdehyde rose under salt stress in P. media.
- Taxon
- P. mediaPlantago mediae0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- Malondialdehyde levels in the leavese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Malondialdehyde levels in the leaves increased under salt stress in P. media”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf malondialdehyde in P. maritima was unchanged at 100 mM NaCl and decreased at 200 mM.
- Taxon
- P. maritimaPlantago maritimae0
- Treatment
- 200 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- Malondialdehyde levelse1
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“showed no change and decreased in P. maritima at 100 and 200 mM NaCl, respectively”
e1“Malondialdehyde levels in the leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer stronger protection against salt-induced oxidative damage in P. maritima from its greater antioxidant enzyme induction.
- Taxon
- P. maritimaPlantago maritimae0
- Outcome
- better protection mechanism against oxidative damagee0
- Qualifier
- higher induced activities of antioxidant enzymese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salt-tolerant P. maritima showed a better protection mechanism against oxidative damage caused by salt stress by its higher induced activities of antioxidant enzymes”
The same questions in other papers
sodium chloride · growth · Plantago maritima (sea plantain)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.