Abstract
A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the foliar applied phosphorous with and without pre-plant dose (50 kg hac.−1) of phosphorous on growth, chlorophyll contents, gas exchange parameters and phosphorous use efficiency (PUE) of wheat. The experiment was conducted in net house at Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan. Two promising wheat cultivar AARI 2011 and FSD 2008 were used as a test crop with 5 foliar phosphorus (P) rates (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 kg ha−1). The foliar applied P with pre-plant performed better than without pre-plant and control treatments. Foliar treatment of phosphorus at 6 kg ha−1 P proved to be the best among other foliar treatments followed by 8 kg ha−1 P. The foliar application of phosphorous at 6 kg hac.−1 with pre-plant soil applied P increased the shoot length, root length, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight and root dry weight. The chlorophyll contents (Chl. a and b) were increased with the foliar application of phosphorous. The gas exchange parameters (net carbon dioxide (CO2) assimilation rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and sub-stomatal CO2 rate) were significantly improved by foliar applied P. The maximum values of net CO2 assimilation rate (5.27 μ mol m−2 sec.−1), transpiration rate (3.44 μ mol m−2 sec.−1), stomatal conductance (0.81 μ mol m−2 sec.−1) and sub-stomatal CO2 (271.67 μ mol m−2 sec.−1), were recorded in the treatment where P was foliar applied at 6 kg hac.−1 with pre-plant soil applied Phosphorous. The foliar application of phosphorous with pre-plant soil applied P enhanced Phosphorous use efficiency (PUE) in both varieties. The maximum value of PUE (15.42%) was recorded in the treatment where foliar feeding of P was done at 6 kg hac.−1 with pre-plant soil applied P in both genotypes.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar phosphorus with pre-plant phosphorus performed better than foliar phosphorus without it and controls.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- foliar applied P with pre-plante0
- Outcome
- performed bettere0
- Direction
- performed bettere0
- Comparator
- without pre-plant and control treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The foliar applied P with pre-plant performed better than without pre-plant and control treatments.”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivumL.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar phosphorus at 6 kg ha−1 performed best among foliar treatments.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Foliar treatment of phosphorus at 6 kg ha−1 Pe0
- Outcome
- the beste0
- Direction
- the beste0
- Comparator
- other foliar treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar treatment of phosphorus at 6 kg ha−1 P proved to be the best among other foliar treatments”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivumL.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar phosphorus at 6 kg hac.−1 with pre-plant phosphorus increased shoot and root lengths and fresh and dry weights.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- foliar application of phosphorous at 6 kg hac.−1 with pre-plant soil applied Pe0
- Outcome
- shoot length, root length, shoot fresh weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The foliar application of phosphorous at 6 kg hac.−1 with pre-plant soil applied P increased the shoot length, root length, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight and root dry weight.”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivumL.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar phosphorus increased chlorophyll a and b content in wheat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- foliar application of phosphorouse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contents (Chl. a and b)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The chlorophyll contents (Chl. a and b) were increased with the foliar application of phosphorous.”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivumL.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar phosphorus significantly improved gas exchange parameters in wheat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- foliar applied Pe0
- Outcome
- net carbon dioxide (CO2) assimilation rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductancee0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The gas exchange parameters (net carbon dioxide (CO2) assimilation rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and sub-stomatal CO2 rate) were significantly improved by foliar applied P.”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivumL.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar phosphorus with pre-plant phosphorus enhanced phosphorus use efficiency in both wheat varieties.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- foliar application of phosphorous with pre-plant soil applied Pe0
- Outcome
- Phosphorous use efficiency (PUE)e0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The foliar application of phosphorous with pre-plant soil applied P enhanced Phosphorous use efficiency (PUE) in both varieties.”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivumL.)”
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