Abstract
In Argentina, the climatic pattern of the olive production areas is characterised by a marked water deficit during winter and spring months. A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of water availability during the preflowering-flowering period on vegetative, reproductive and yield responses of olive trees grown in central Argentina. From the end of autumn to mid-spring, four irrigation treatments were imposed to olive trees (Olea europaea, cv. Arbequina and Manzanilla) at 0, 25, 50 and 75% estimated crop evapotranspiration (ETc). Also, a control treatment was kept at 100% ETc for the entire year. For the first crop year evaluated, water deficit applied at early June, approximately 4 months prior to bloom, reduced the vegetative shoot growth and delayed the flowering time, resulting in shortening of the fruit maturation period and, ultimately, decreased fructification. Trees irrigated with high (75% of ETc) and full (100% of ETc) winter-spring water supply presented significantly higher values of flower density, fruit density and final fruit yield which resulted in water productivity (kg fruits mm -1 of irrigation/ha) enhancements of about 500% (cv. Arbequina) and 330% (cv. Manzanilla) with respect to those obtained from the corresponding unirrigated treatments. Differences between treatments in oil content and composition were primarily attributed to variations in fruit maturity. Differences in fatty acid composition were stronger in cv. Arbequina where a gradual increase in oleic acid content was registered in parallel to the increase in irrigation water supply. From a practical stand point, results obtained from most of the analysed parameters were quite similar for both T75 and T100 treatments. Thus, the possible convenience of irrigation at T75% ETc should be considered since it may warrant profitable olive production while saving a considerably quantity of irrigation water in the olive production area in central Argentina.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Early June water deficit reduced vegetative shoot growth.
- Taxon
- olive trees
Olea europaeae1 - Organ / stage
- shoote0
- Treatment
- water deficit applied at early Junee0
- Outcome
- vegetative shoot growthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“water deficit applied at early June, approximately 4 months prior to bloom, reduced the vegetative shoot growth”
e1“olive trees (Olea europaea, cv. Arbequina and Manzanilla)”
Claim · model-written summary
Early June water deficit delayed flowering.
- Taxon
- olive treesOlea europaeae1
- Treatment
- water deficit applied at early Junee0
- Outcome
- flowering timee0
- Direction
- delayede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“water deficit applied at early June, approximately 4 months prior to bloom, reduced the vegetative shoot growth and delayed the flowering time”
e1“olive trees (Olea europaea, cv. Arbequina and Manzanilla)”
Claim · model-written summary
Early June water deficit shortened fruit maturation.
- Taxon
- olive treesOlea europaeae2
- Treatment
- water deficit applied at early Junee1
- Outcome
- fruit maturation periode0
- Direction
- shorteninge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“shortening of the fruit maturation period”
e1“water deficit applied at early June”
e2“olive trees (Olea europaea, cv. Arbequina and Manzanilla)”
Claim · model-written summary
Early June water deficit decreased fructification.
- Taxon
- olive treesOlea europaeae2
- Treatment
- water deficit applied at early Junee1
- Outcome
- fructificatione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreased fructification”
e1“water deficit applied at early June”
e2“olive trees (Olea europaea, cv. Arbequina and Manzanilla)”
Claim · model-written summary
High and full irrigation yielded higher flower density than no irrigation.
- Taxon
- olive treesOlea europaeae2
- Treatment
- high (75% of ETc) and full (100% of ETc) winter-spring water supplye0
- Outcome
- flower densitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- unirrigated treatmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trees irrigated with high (75% of ETc) and full (100% of ETc) winter-spring water supply presented significantly higher values of flower density, fruit density and final fruit yield”
e1“unirrigated treatments”
e2“olive trees (Olea europaea, cv. Arbequina and Manzanilla)”
Claim · model-written summary
High and full irrigation yielded higher fruit density than no irrigation.
- Taxon
- olive treesOlea europaeae2
- Treatment
- high (75% of ETc) and full (100% of ETc) winter-spring water supplye0
- Outcome
- fruit densitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- unirrigated treatmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trees irrigated with high (75% of ETc) and full (100% of ETc) winter-spring water supply presented significantly higher values of flower density, fruit density and final fruit yield”
e1“unirrigated treatments”
e2“olive trees (Olea europaea, cv. Arbequina and Manzanilla)”
Claim · model-written summary
High and full irrigation yielded higher final fruit yield than no irrigation.
- Taxon
- olive treesOlea europaeae2
- Treatment
- high (75% of ETc) and full (100% of ETc) winter-spring water supplye0
- Outcome
- final fruit yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- unirrigated treatmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trees irrigated with high (75% of ETc) and full (100% of ETc) winter-spring water supply presented significantly higher values of flower density, fruit density and final fruit yield”
e1“unirrigated treatments”
e2“olive trees (Olea europaea, cv. Arbequina and Manzanilla)”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation enhanced Arbequina water productivity by about 500% relative to unirrigated trees.
- Taxon
- olive treesOlea europaeae2
- Material
- cv. Arbequinae0
- Treatment
- high (75% of ETc) and full (100% of ETc) winter-spring water supplye1
- Outcome
- water productivitye0
- Direction
- enhancementse0
- Value
- 500%e0
- Comparator
- unirrigated treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“water productivity (kg fruits mm -1 of irrigation/ha) enhancements of about 500% (cv. Arbequina) and 330% (cv. Manzanilla) with respect to those obtained from the corresponding unirrigated treatments”
e1“Trees irrigated with high (75% of ETc) and full (100% of ETc) winter-spring water supply”
e2“olive trees (Olea europaea, cv. Arbequina and Manzanilla)”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation enhanced Manzanilla water productivity by about 330% relative to unirrigated trees.
- Taxon
- olive treesOlea europaeae2
- Material
- cv. Manzanillae0
- Treatment
- high (75% of ETc) and full (100% of ETc) winter-spring water supplye1
- Outcome
- water productivitye0
- Direction
- enhancementse0
- Value
- 330%e0
- Comparator
- unirrigated treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“water productivity (kg fruits mm -1 of irrigation/ha) enhancements of about 500% (cv. Arbequina) and 330% (cv. Manzanilla) with respect to those obtained from the corresponding unirrigated treatments”
e1“Trees irrigated with high (75% of ETc) and full (100% of ETc) winter-spring water supply”
e2“olive trees (Olea europaea, cv. Arbequina and Manzanilla)”
Claim · model-written summary
Differences in oil content and composition among treatments were attributed mainly to fruit maturity.
- Taxon
- olive treesOlea europaeae1
- Organ / stage
- fruit maturitye0
- Treatment
- treatmentse0
- Outcome
- oil content and compositione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Differences between treatments in oil content and composition were primarily attributed to variations in fruit maturity.”
e1“olive trees (Olea europaea, cv. Arbequina and Manzanilla)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fatty acid composition differences were stronger in Arbequina.
- Taxon
- olive treesOlea europaeae1
- Material
- cv. Arbequinae0
- Outcome
- Differences in fatty acid compositione0
- Direction
- strongere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Differences in fatty acid composition were stronger in cv. Arbequina”
e1“olive trees (Olea europaea, cv. Arbequina and Manzanilla)”
Claim · model-written summary
Oleic acid content in Arbequina increased gradually with irrigation water supply.
- Taxon
- olive treesOlea europaeae2
- Material
- cv. Arbequinae1
- Treatment
- irrigation water supplye0
- Outcome
- oleic acid contente0
- Direction
- gradual increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a gradual increase in oleic acid content was registered in parallel to the increase in irrigation water supply”
e1“stronger in cv. Arbequina”
e2“olive trees (Olea europaea, cv. Arbequina and Manzanilla)”
Claim · model-written summary
Most analyzed parameters were similar under T75 and T100 irrigation.
- Taxon
- olive treesOlea europaeae1
- Treatment
- T75e0
- Outcome
- most of the analysed parameterse0
- Direction
- quite similare0
- Comparator
- T100e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“results obtained from most of the analysed parameters were quite similar for both T75 and T100 treatments”
e1“olive trees (Olea europaea, cv. Arbequina and Manzanilla)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend considering T75 irrigation for profitable olive production and water savings.
- Taxon
- olive treesOlea europaeae1
- Outcome
- irrigation at T75% ETce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the possible convenience of irrigation at T75% ETc should be considered since it may warrant profitable olive production while saving a considerably quantity of irrigation water”
e1“olive trees (Olea europaea, cv. Arbequina and Manzanilla)”
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See all 19 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.