Abstract
90-Day growth chamber experiments were performed to investigate the interactive effect of pyrene and heavy metals (Cu, Cd, and Pb) on the growth of tall fescue and its uptake, accumulation, and dissipation of heavy metals and pyrene. Results show that plant growth and phytomass production were impacted by the interaction of heavy metals and pyrene. They were significantly decreased with heavy metal additions (100-2000 mg/kg), but they were only slightly declined with pyrene spiked up to 100 mg/kg. The addition of a moderate dosage of pyrene (100 mg/kg) lessened heavy metal toxicity to plants, resulting in enhanced plant growth and increased metal accumulation in plant tissues, thus improving heavy metal removal by plants. In contrast, heavy metals always reduced both plant growth and pyrene dissipation in soils. The chemical forms of Cu, Cd, and Pb in plant organs varied with metal species and pyrene addition. The dissipation and mineralization of pyrene tended to decline in both planted soil and unplanted soils with the presence of heavy metals, whereas they were enhanced with planting. The results demonstrate the complex interactive effects of organic pollutants and heavy metals on phytoremediation in soils. It can be concluded that, to a certain extent, tall fescue may be useful for phytoremediation of pyrene-heavy metal-contaminated sites. Further work is needed to enhance methods for phytoremediation of heavy metal-organics co-contaminated soil.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Heavy metal additions significantly decreased plant growth and phytomass.
- Taxon
- Tall Fescue
Lolium arundinaceumt0 - Treatment
- heavy metal additions (100-2000 mg/kg)e0
- Outcome
- plant growth and phytomass productione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plant growth and phytomass production were impacted by the interaction of heavy metals and pyrene. They were significantly decreased with heavy metal additions (100-2000 mg/kg)”
t0“Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyrene additions slightly decreased plant growth and phytomass.
- Taxon
- Tall FescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- pyrene spiked up to 100 mg/kge0
- Outcome
- plant growth and phytomass productione0
- Direction
- declinede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plant growth and phytomass production were impacted by the interaction of heavy metals and pyrene. They were significantly decreased with heavy metal additions (100-2000 mg/kg), but they were only slightly declined with pyrene spiked up to 100 mg/kg.”
t0“Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea)”
Claim · model-written summary
A moderate pyrene dose reduced heavy metal toxicity and increased plant growth.
- Taxon
- Tall FescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- pyrene (100 mg/kg)e0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The addition of a moderate dosage of pyrene (100 mg/kg) lessened heavy metal toxicity to plants, resulting in enhanced plant growth”
t0“Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea)”
Claim · model-written summary
A moderate pyrene dose increased metal accumulation in plant tissues.
- Taxon
- Tall FescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- pyrene (100 mg/kg)e0
- Outcome
- metal accumulation in plant tissuese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The addition of a moderate dosage of pyrene (100 mg/kg) lessened heavy metal toxicity to plants, resulting in enhanced plant growth and increased metal accumulation in plant tissues, thus improving heavy metal removal by plants.”
t0“Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea)”
Claim · model-written summary
Heavy metals reduced plant growth.
- Taxon
- Tall FescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- heavy metalse0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“heavy metals always reduced both plant growth and pyrene dissipation in soils.”
t0“Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea)”
Claim · model-written summary
Heavy metals reduced pyrene dissipation in soils.
- Taxon
- Tall FescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- heavy metalse0
- Outcome
- pyrene dissipation in soilse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“heavy metals always reduced both plant growth and pyrene dissipation in soils.”
t0“Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea)”
Claim · model-written summary
Metal chemical forms in plant organs varied with metal species and pyrene addition.
- Taxon
- Tall FescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Organ / stage
- plant organse0
- Treatment
- pyrene additione0
- Outcome
- chemical forms of Cu, Cd, and Pb in plant organse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The chemical forms of Cu, Cd, and Pb in plant organs varied with metal species and pyrene addition.”
t0“Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea)”
Claim · model-written summary
Metals tended to reduce pyrene dissipation and mineralization in planted and unplanted soils.
- Taxon
- Tall FescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- heavy metalse0
- Outcome
- dissipation and mineralization of pyrenee0
- Direction
- declinee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The dissipation and mineralization of pyrene tended to decline in both planted soil and unplanted soils with the presence of heavy metals”
t0“Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea)”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting enhanced pyrene dissipation and mineralization.
- Taxon
- Tall FescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- plantinge0
- Outcome
- dissipation and mineralization of pyrenee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The dissipation and mineralization of pyrene tended to decline in both planted soil and unplanted soils with the presence of heavy metals, whereas they were enhanced with planting.”
t0“Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tall fescue may be useful for remediating pyrene and heavy metal contaminated sites.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceume0
- Outcome
- phytoremediation of pyrene-heavy metal-contaminated sitese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tall fescue may be useful for phytoremediation of pyrene-heavy metal-contaminated sites.”
The same questions in other papers
heavy metal · growth · Lolium arundinaceum (tall fescue)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
heavy metal · molecular: metabolites · Lolium arundinaceum (tall fescue)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.