Abstract
Summary Comparisons of the effects of harvesting sugar-beet seed by the traditional method of tripodding with barn drying, swathing followed by threshing with a pick-up combine or desiccation with diquat followed by direct combine harvesting showed that there were no consistent or large effects on seed yield, germination, monogermity or size distribution. Thus the best method will be the one which is easiest and/or cheapest, which at present is swathing followed by pick-up combine threshing. Sprays of NAA or 2,4,5-T at 10 or 100 mg a.i./l water before or after flowering had no effect on seed yield or germination and efforts to restrict the loss by shedding of large viable seed failed. Neither chemical decreased germination percentage by setting parthenocarpic seed. Attempts were made to dwarf the 2 m high seed crop to make it suitable for direct combine harvesting. Daminozide sprayed at 1000, 5000 or 10000 mg a.i./l water before or after the winter did not affect plant height, seed yield, germination, monogermity or size distribution. Chlormequat chloride applied similarly dwarfed plants by up to 18% but this was not enough to give a crop less than 1 m high suitable for direct combine harvesting. It did not affect seed yield, germination, monogermity or size distribution. Ethephon sprayed at 10, 100 or 1000 mg a.i./l water when plants were bolting had no detected effects. Chlorflurecolmethyl was sprayed at 10 or 100 before bolting or 1, 10 or 100 mg a.i./l water afterwards. Plants sprayed with the 100 mg/1 solution were dwarfed to less than 1 m high but the treatment was unsuccessful because it greatly reduced seed yield and germination; monogermity was not affected but a much greater proportion of seed fell into the small size grades.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
The three harvesting methods had no consistent or large effects on seed yield, germination, monogermity or size distribution.
- Taxon
- sugar-beet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0 - Treatment
- swathing followed by threshing with a pick-up combinee0
- Outcome
- seed yield, germination, monogermity or size distributione0
- Direction
- no consistent or large effectse0
- Comparator
- traditional method of tripodding with barn dryinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“harvesting sugar-beet seed by the traditional method of tripodding with barn drying, swathing followed by threshing with a pick-up combine or desiccation with diquat followed by direct combine harvesting showed that there were no consistent or large effects on seed yield, germination, monogermity or size distribution”
Claim · model-written summary
Swathing followed by pick-up combine threshing was recommended as the easiest or cheapest current method.
- Taxon
- sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Outcome
- swathing followed by pick-up combine threshinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the best method will be the one which is easiest and/or cheapest, which at present is swathing followed by pick-up combine threshing”
t0“sugar-beet”
Claim · model-written summary
NAA sprays at 10 or 100 mg a.i./l water before or after flowering had no effect on seed yield or germination.
- Taxon
- sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- NAAe0
- Outcome
- seed yield or germinatione0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sprays of NAA or 2,4,5-T at 10 or 100 mg a.i./l water before or after flowering had no effect on seed yield or germination”
t0“sugar-beet”
Claim · model-written summary
2,4,5-T sprays at 10 or 100 mg a.i./l water before or after flowering had no effect on seed yield or germination.
- Taxon
- sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- 2,4,5-Te0
- Outcome
- seed yield or germinatione0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sprays of NAA or 2,4,5-T at 10 or 100 mg a.i./l water before or after flowering had no effect on seed yield or germination”
t0“sugar-beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Efforts to restrict shedding loss of large viable seed failed.
- Taxon
- sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- efforts to restrict the loss by sheddinge0
- Outcome
- loss by shedding of large viable seede0
- Direction
- failede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“efforts to restrict the loss by shedding of large viable seed failed”
t0“sugar-beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Neither NAA nor 2,4,5-T decreased germination percentage by setting parthenocarpic seed.
- Taxon
- sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- NAAe1
- Outcome
- germination percentagee0
- Direction
- Neither chemical decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Neither chemical decreased germination percentage by setting parthenocarpic seed”
e1“Sprays of NAA or 2,4,5-T”
t0“sugar-beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Daminozide did not affect plant height, seed yield, germination, monogermity or size distribution.
- Taxon
- sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Daminozide sprayed at 1000, 5000 or 10000 mg a.i./l watere0
- Outcome
- plant height, seed yield, germination, monogermity or size distributione0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Daminozide sprayed at 1000, 5000 or 10000 mg a.i./l water before or after the winter did not affect plant height, seed yield, germination, monogermity or size distribution”
t0“sugar-beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlormequat chloride dwarfed plants by up to 18%.
- Taxon
- sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Chlormequat chloridee0
- Outcome
- plantse0
- Direction
- dwarfede0
- Value
- up to 18%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlormequat chloride applied similarly dwarfed plants by up to 18%”
t0“sugar-beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlormequat chloride did not make the crop shorter than 1 m for direct combine harvesting.
- Taxon
- sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Chlormequat chloridee1
- Outcome
- crop less than 1 m high suitable for direct combine harvestinge0
- Direction
- not enoughe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this was not enough to give a crop less than 1 m high suitable for direct combine harvesting”
e1“Chlormequat chloride”
t0“sugar-beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlormequat chloride did not affect seed yield, germination, monogermity or size distribution.
- Taxon
- sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Chlormequat chloridee1
- Outcome
- seed yield, germination, monogermity or size distributione0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It did not affect seed yield, germination, monogermity or size distribution.”
e1“Chlormequat chloride”
t0“sugar-beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon at the tested rates when plants bolted had no detected effects.
- Taxon
- sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Ethephon sprayed at 10, 100 or 1000 mg a.i./l watere0
- Outcome
- effectse0
- Direction
- no detected effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ethephon sprayed at 10, 100 or 1000 mg a.i./l water when plants were bolting had no detected effects”
t0“sugar-beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorflurecolmethyl at the 100 mg/1 solution dwarfed plants to less than 1 m.
- Taxon
- sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Chlorflurecolmethyle1
- Outcome
- Plantse0
- Direction
- dwarfede0
- Value
- less than 1 me0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants sprayed with the 100 mg/1 solution were dwarfed to less than 1 m high”
e1“Chlorflurecolmethyl”
t0“sugar-beet”
Claim · model-written summary
The 100 mg/1 chlorflurecolmethyl treatment greatly reduced seed yield and germination.
- Taxon
- sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Chlorflurecolmethyle1
- Outcome
- seed yield and germinatione0
- Direction
- greatly reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the treatment was unsuccessful because it greatly reduced seed yield and germination”
e1“Chlorflurecolmethyl”
t0“sugar-beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorflurecolmethyl did not affect monogermity.
- Taxon
- sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Chlorflurecolmethyle1
- Outcome
- monogermitye0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“monogermity was not affected”
e1“Chlorflurecolmethyl”
t0“sugar-beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorflurecolmethyl increased the proportion of seed in small size grades.
- Taxon
- sugar-beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Chlorflurecolmethyle1
- Outcome
- proportion of seed fell into the small size gradese0
- Direction
- much greatere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a much greater proportion of seed fell into the small size grades”
e1“Chlorflurecolmethyl”
t0“sugar-beet”
The same questions in other papers
Daminozide · yield · Beta vulgaris (beet)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
1-naphthaleneacetic acid · growth · Beta vulgaris (beet)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
chlormequat chloride · growth · Beta vulgaris (beet)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
chlormequat chloride · yield · Beta vulgaris (beet)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
chloride · growth · Beta vulgaris (beet)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
application · yield · Beta vulgaris (beet)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 112 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
116 papers more in this group
See all 120 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.