Paper · 2014 · IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science

Effect Of Organic And Inorganic Fertilizers On Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) Production And Incidence Of Insect Pests In The Humid Tropics

Sylvester R. Atijegbe; Babatunde O. Nuga; Ndowa E. S. Lale; et al.

9
claims
18
verbatim quotes
16
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching and Research Farm, Choba, Nigeria to compare the effects of NPK 15: 15: 15 and poultry manure on the yield of okra and incidence of insect pests on the crop. Performance of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) was assessed using inorganic and organic fertilizer. The treatments were fitted in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) replicated thrice. Application of poultry manure (PM) at the rate of 10tha-1 had the highest yield and reduced number of insect pests, although mean plant height and mean leaf number were highest with 500kgha-1 NPK treatment at 10 WAP, mean leaf number followed a similar pattern. Stem girth was highest in 10tha-1 poultry manure and was not significantly different from 500kgha-1 NPK treatment. Complementary application of 10tha-1 poultry manure and 300kgha-1 NPK favoured okra growth and yield most in terms of quantity and quality (market value) and decreased insect pest infestations. Poultry manure at 10tha-1 turned out to be the most beneficial application compared with the other treatments.

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Claims 9

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Poultry manure at 10tha-1 gave the highest okra yield.

Treatment
poultry manure (PM) at the rate of 10tha-1e0
Outcome
highest yielde0
Direction
higheste0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Abelmoschus esculentus
Abelmoschus esculentus · TaxonKristine Paulus from New York, United States · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Application of poultry manure (PM) at the rate of 10tha-1 had the highest yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 434–513 · show in text ↑
t0

“okra”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 47–51 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Poultry manure at 10tha-1 reduced insect pest numbers.

Treatment
poultry manure (PM) at the rate of 10tha-1e0
Interactor
insect pestse0pest
Outcome
number of insect pestse0
Direction
reducede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Abelmoschus esculentus
Abelmoschus esculentus · TaxonKristine Paulus from New York, United States · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Application of poultry manure (PM) at the rate of 10tha-1 had the highest yield and reduced number of insect pests”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 434–548 · show in text ↑
t0

“okra”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 47–51 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

At 10 WAP, 500kgha-1 NPK gave the greatest mean plant height.

Treatment
500kgha-1 NPK treatmente0
Outcome
mean plant heighte0
Direction
higheste0
Qualifier
10 WAPe0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Abelmoschus esculentus
Abelmoschus esculentus · TaxonKristine Paulus from New York, United States · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“mean plant height and mean leaf number were highest with 500kgha-1 NPK treatment at 10 WAP”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 559–649 · show in text ↑
t0

“okra”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 47–51 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

At 10 WAP, 500kgha-1 NPK gave the greatest mean leaf number.

Treatment
500kgha-1 NPK treatmente0
Outcome
mean leaf numbere0
Direction
higheste0
Qualifier
10 WAPe0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Abelmoschus esculentus
Abelmoschus esculentus · TaxonKristine Paulus from New York, United States · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“mean plant height and mean leaf number were highest with 500kgha-1 NPK treatment at 10 WAP”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 559–649 · show in text ↑
t0

“okra”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 47–51 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivenot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Poultry manure at 10tha-1 gave the greatest stem girth, without significant difference from 500kgha-1 NPK.

Treatment
10tha-1 poultry manuree0
Outcome
Stem girthe0
Direction
higheste0
Comparator
500kgha-1 NPK treatmente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Abelmoschus esculentus
Abelmoschus esculentus · TaxonKristine Paulus from New York, United States · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Stem girth was highest in 10tha-1 poultry manure and was not significantly different from 500kgha-1 NPK treatment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 696–809 · show in text ↑
t0

“okra”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 47–51 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined manure and NPK favored okra growth most.

Treatment
10tha-1 poultry manure and 300kgha-1 NPKe0
Outcome
okra growthe0
Direction
favourede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Abelmoschus esculentus
Abelmoschus esculentus · TaxonKristine Paulus from New York, United States · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Complementary application of 10tha-1 poultry manure and 300kgha-1 NPK favoured okra growth and yield most in terms of quantity and quality (market value) and decreased insect pest infestations”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 811–1003 · show in text ↑
t0

“okra”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 47–51 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined manure and NPK favored okra yield quantity and quality most.

Treatment
10tha-1 poultry manure and 300kgha-1 NPKe0
Outcome
yield most in terms of quantity and quality (market value)e0
Direction
favourede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Abelmoschus esculentus
Abelmoschus esculentus · TaxonKristine Paulus from New York, United States · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Complementary application of 10tha-1 poultry manure and 300kgha-1 NPK favoured okra growth and yield most in terms of quantity and quality (market value) and decreased insect pest infestations”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 811–1003 · show in text ↑
t0

“okra”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 47–51 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined manure and NPK decreased insect pest infestation.

Treatment
10tha-1 poultry manure and 300kgha-1 NPKe0
Interactor
insect peste0pest
Outcome
insect pest infestationse0
Direction
decreasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Abelmoschus esculentus
Abelmoschus esculentus · TaxonKristine Paulus from New York, United States · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Complementary application of 10tha-1 poultry manure and 300kgha-1 NPK favoured okra growth and yield most in terms of quantity and quality (market value) and decreased insect pest infestations”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 811–1003 · show in text ↑
t0

“okra”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 47–51 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors judge 10tha-1 poultry manure the most beneficial of the tested treatments.

Outcome
Poultry manure at 10tha-1e0
Comparator
the other treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Abelmoschus esculentus
Abelmoschus esculentus · TaxonKristine Paulus from New York, United States · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Poultry manure at 10tha-1 turned out to be the most beneficial application compared with the other treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1005–1114 · show in text ↑
t0

“okra”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 47–51 · show in text ↑

fertilization · pest · Abelmoschus esculentus (okra)Positive and negative results

20 papers: 13 positive, 7 negative or no effect

12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. negative

16 papers more in this group

See all 20 papers →

fertilization · growth · Abelmoschus esculentus (okra)Positive and negative results

207 papers: 190 positive, 17 negative or no effect

189 papers in the same direction as this paper · 16 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. no effect

203 papers more in this group

See all 207 papers →

fertilization · yield · Abelmoschus esculentus (okra)Positive and negative results

373 papers: 355 positive, 18 negative or no effect

354 papers in the same direction as this paper · 14 in the opposite direction · 4 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

369 papers more in this group

See all 373 papers →

fertilization · quality: general · Abelmoschus esculentus (okra)Results agree

24 papers: 24 positive, 0 negative or no effect

23 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

20 papers more in this group

See all 24 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.