Abstract
The maternal photoperiod at the time of seed maturation can predict the seasonal conditions of newly dispersed seeds. We investigated the effects of maternal photoperiod on seasonal dormancy in Arabidopsis thaliana using a set of F6 recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between individuals from two natural populations (Cal-0 and Tac-0) differing in cold requirements for germination. We grew 40 Cal × Tac lines in a long-day photoperiod (8 h of full spectrum light plus 8 h of low-fluence incandescent light) and a short-day photoperiod (8 h full spectrum light). We then exposed seeds from each family and maternal photoperiod to either a cold stratification treatment (4°C, 21 d) or no cold stratification. Both maternal photoperiod and progeny stratification influenced the percentage of seeds that germinated and the speed of germination. The short-day photoperiod caused increased responsiveness to stratification, with higher germination percentages and speeds in stratified seeds. Stratification influenced the expression of maternal photoperiod effects, such that short days increased germination percentage and speed in stratified seeds but inhibited germination in unstratified seeds. Families differed significantly in their plasticity to maternal photoperiod and stratification, but genetic variation for plasticity to maternal photoperiod was expressed only in unstratified seeds. Because the expression of maternal photoperiod effects and genetic variation for photoperiod effects depended on progeny stratification, the evolution of these maternal effects will depend on the seasonal environment experienced by progeny.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Maternal photoperiod and stratification influenced seed germination percentage and speed.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianat0 - Treatment
- maternal photoperiod and progeny stratificatione0
- Outcome
- percentage of seeds that germinated and the speed of germinatione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both maternal photoperiod and progeny stratification influenced the percentage of seeds that germinated and the speed of germination.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Short maternal days increased stratification responsiveness in germination percentage and speed.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Organ / stage
- stratified seedse0
- Treatment
- short-day photoperiode0
- Outcome
- germination percentages and speedse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The short-day photoperiod caused increased responsiveness to stratification, with higher germination percentages and speeds in stratified seeds.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Short maternal days inhibited germination in unstratified seeds.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- short dayse0
- Outcome
- germination in unstratified seedse0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“short days increased germination percentage and speed in stratified seeds but inhibited germination in unstratified seeds.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Families differed significantly in plasticity to maternal photoperiod and stratification.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Outcome
- plasticity to maternal photoperiod and stratificatione0
- Direction
- differede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Families differed significantly in their plasticity to maternal photoperiod and stratification”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Genetic variation for maternal photoperiod plasticity appeared only in unstratified seeds.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Organ / stage
- unstratified seedse0
- Outcome
- genetic variation for plasticity to maternal photoperiode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“genetic variation for plasticity to maternal photoperiod was expressed only in unstratified seeds.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
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light · growth · Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)Results differ
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