Abstract
A major challenge in using cassava peel as feed for animals is the presence of cyanogenic glycosides and the low concentration of protein. The present study investigated the possibility of upgrading cassava peels using fermented cassava pulp juice. Cassava pulp juice was squeezed out of grated cassava pulp and fermented for 3 days at ambient temperature. The microorganisms in the fermented pulp juice were identified as Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus andLactobacillus spp. Non-sterile cassava peels were sun-dried, milled and inoculated with fermented cassava pulp juice over a 7-day period. Controls were treated with either sterile distilled water, autoclaved inoculum or phosphate buffer (pH 5) over the same period. After 7 days, the cyanogenic glycoside content of the peels, determined by the silver nitrate titration method, had decreased to 12.3% (p < 0.05) of the value for untreated peels while the cyanogenic glycoside content of the controls was 38.8 - 42.9%. Proximate analysis of 7-day inoculum-treated and untreated cassava peels showed that the protein content of the treated peels had increased 10-fold and significant decreases in starch and fat content were recorded. The fibre content remained unchanged. The present findings show that microorganisms present in fermented cassava pulp juice are capable of enhancing the nutritional value of cassava peels by increasing the protein content and reducing the cyanogenic glycoside content to levels safe for consumption by livestock. Key words: Cassava peel, pulp juice, cyanogenic glycosides, microorganisms.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
After 7 days of inoculation with fermented cassava pulp juice, cassava peel cyanogenic glycoside content fell to 12.3% of the untreated peel value, versus 38.8-42.9% in controls.
- Taxon
- cassava
Manihot esculentat0 - Treatment
- fermented cassava pulp juicee0
- Outcome
- cyanogenic glycoside contente1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 12.3%e1
- Qualifier
- controls was 38.8 - 42.9%e1
- Comparator
- untreated peelse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)”
e0“inoculated with fermented cassava pulp juice over a 7-day period”
e1“the cyanogenic glycoside content of the peels, determined by the silver nitrate titration method, had decreased to 12.3% (p < 0.05) of the value for untreated peels while the cyanogenic glycoside content of the controls was 38.8 - 42.9%”
Claim · model-written summary
Protein content of cassava peels treated with the inoculum increased 10-fold relative to untreated peels.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- inoculum-treatede0
- Outcome
- protein contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 10-folde0
- Comparator
- untreatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)”
e0“inoculum-treated and untreated cassava peels showed that the protein content of the treated peels had increased 10-fold”
Claim · model-written summary
Starch and fat contents of inoculum-treated cassava peels decreased significantly relative to untreated peels.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- inoculum-treatede0
- Outcome
- starch and fat contente0
- Direction
- decreasese0
- Comparator
- untreatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)”
e0“inoculum-treated and untreated cassava peels showed that the protein content of the treated peels had increased 10-fold and significant decreases in starch and fat content were recorded”
Claim · model-written summary
The fibre content of cassava peels remained unchanged after treatment.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Outcome
- fibre contente0
- Direction
- remained unchangede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)”
e0“The fibre content remained unchanged”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.