Abstract
ABSTRACT Winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L., cv. Mercia) was grown at two different atmospheric CO 2 concentrations (350 and 700 μmol mol −1 ), two temperatures [ambient temperature (i.e. tracking the open air) and ambient +4°C] and two rates of nitrogen supply (equivalent to 489 kg ha −1 and 87 kg ha −1 ). Leaves grown at 700 μmol mol −1 CO 2 had slightly greater photosynthetic capacity (10% mean increase over the experiment) than those grown at ambient CO 2 concentration, but there were no differences in carboxylation efficiency or apparent quantum yield. The amounts of chlorophyll, soluble protein and ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) per unit leaf area did not change with long‐term exposure to elevated CO 2 concentration. Thus winter wheat, grown under simulated field conditions, for which total biomass was large compared to normal field production, did not experience loss of components of the photosynthetic system or loss of photosynthetic competence with elevated CO 2 concentration. However, nitrogen supply and temperature had large effects on photosynthetic characteristics but did not interact with elevated CO 2 concentration. Nitrogen deficiency resulted in decreases in the contents of protein, including Rubisco, and chlorophyll, and decreased photosynthetic capacity and carboxylation efficiency. An increase in temperature also reduced these components and shortened the effective life of the leaves, reducing the duration of high photosynthetic capacity.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Leaves grown at 700 μmol mol −1 CO2 had slightly greater photosynthetic capacity, about 10% higher on average, than those at ambient CO2.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Organ / stage
- Leavese1
- Treatment
- 700 μmol mol −1 CO 2e1
- Outcome
- photosynthetic capacitye1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Value
- 10%e1
- Qualifier
- slightlye1
- Comparator
- ambient CO 2 concentratione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Leaves grown at 700 μmol mol −1 CO 2 had slightly greater photosynthetic capacity (10% mean increase over the experiment) than those grown at ambient CO 2 concentration”
t0“winter wheat leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 gave no differences in carboxylation efficiency or apparent quantum yield in winter wheat leaves.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 700 μmol mol −1 CO 2e1
- Outcome
- carboxylation efficiency or apparent quantum yielde2
- Direction
- no differencese2
- Comparator
- ambient CO 2 concentratione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“there were no differences in carboxylation efficiency or apparent quantum yield”
e1“Leaves grown at 700 μmol mol −1 CO 2 had slightly greater photosynthetic capacity (10% mean increase over the experiment) than those grown at ambient CO 2 concentration”
t0“winter wheat leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Long-term elevated CO2 did not change chlorophyll, soluble protein or Rubisco per unit leaf area in winter wheat grown under simulated field conditions.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- elevated CO 2 concentratione3
- Outcome
- amounts of chlorophyll, soluble protein and ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) per unit leaf areae3
- Direction
- did not changee3
- Comparator
- ambient CO 2 concentratione1
- Setting
- simulated field conditionse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The amounts of chlorophyll, soluble protein and ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) per unit leaf area did not change with long‐term exposure to elevated CO 2 concentration”
e1“Leaves grown at 700 μmol mol −1 CO 2 had slightly greater photosynthetic capacity (10% mean increase over the experiment) than those grown at ambient CO 2 concentration”
e4“grown under simulated field conditions”
t0“winter wheat leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen deficiency decreased the contents of protein, Rubisco and chlorophyll in winter wheat leaves.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen deficiencye5
- Outcome
- contents of protein, including Rubisco, and chlorophylle5
- Direction
- decreasese5
- Comparator
- 489 kg ha −1e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Nitrogen deficiency resulted in decreases in the contents of protein, including Rubisco, and chlorophyll, and decreased photosynthetic capacity and carboxylation efficiency”
e6“two rates of nitrogen supply (equivalent to 489 kg ha −1 and 87 kg ha −1 )”
t0“winter wheat leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen deficiency decreased photosynthetic capacity and carboxylation efficiency in winter wheat leaves.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen deficiencye5
- Outcome
- photosynthetic capacity and carboxylation efficiencye5
- Direction
- decreasede5
- Comparator
- 489 kg ha −1e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Nitrogen deficiency resulted in decreases in the contents of protein, including Rubisco, and chlorophyll, and decreased photosynthetic capacity and carboxylation efficiency”
e6“two rates of nitrogen supply (equivalent to 489 kg ha −1 and 87 kg ha −1 )”
t0“winter wheat leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
An increase in temperature reduced protein, chlorophyll and Rubisco contents in winter wheat leaves.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- An increase in temperaturee0
- Outcome
- these componentse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- ambient temperaturee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An increase in temperature also reduced these components”
e1“two temperatures [ambient temperature (i.e. tracking the open air) and ambient +4°C]”
t0“winter wheat leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
An increase in temperature shortened the effective life of the leaves of winter wheat, reducing the duration of high photosynthetic capacity.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- An increase in temperaturee0
- Outcome
- effective life of the leavese0
- Direction
- shortenede0
- Qualifier
- reducing the duration of high photosynthetic capacitye0
- Comparator
- ambient temperaturee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An increase in temperature also reduced these components and shortened the effective life of the leaves, reducing the duration of high photosynthetic capacity”
e1“two temperatures [ambient temperature (i.e. tracking the open air) and ambient +4°C]”
t0“winter wheat leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen supply and temperature did not interact with elevated CO2 in their effects on winter wheat photosynthetic characteristics.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- nitrogen supply and temperaturee0
- Outcome
- did not interact with elevated CO 2 concentratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nitrogen supply and temperature had large effects on photosynthetic characteristics but did not interact with elevated CO 2 concentration”
t0“winter wheat leaves”
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This paper is about lacking the nutrient, so it counts the other way round here.
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See all 120 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.