Abstract
Sap (latex) that oozes out from mango during harvest, upon contact with the fruit, causes dark spots (sap-injury) on the peel and reduces consumer acceptance and shelf-life of fruit. In this investigation different components responsible for sap-injury were identified. Mango saps from four Indian varieties were collected and separated into aqueous and nonaqueous phases. Whole sap, aqueous phase and nonaqueous phase were tested for their ability to cause sap-injury (browning) on mangoes. The nonaqueous phase caused maximum injury and the extent of injury caused by nonaqueous phases from different varieties was varied. Limonene, ocimene and β-myrcene, the major terpenoids identified in saps of Indian varieties, caused injury. Similar type of injury on mangoes was also caused by organic solvents. Damage on Totapuri mango fruit was significantly lower compared to other varieties, whereas Totapuri nonaqueous phase caused injury on all other varieties. The peel of Totapuri variety had very low level of polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase and polyphenols compared to other varieties. Thus, a clear relation was found between the peel polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase activities, the polyphenol content in the peel and the extent of injury. Further, nonaqueous phase applied on peels previously heat-treated at 95C for 5 min, neither caused injury nor showed any enzyme activity. Thus, the results indicated that the terpenoid components of sap and polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, polyphenols of peel are involved in sap-injury.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
The nonaqueous sap phase caused the greatest mango injury.
- Taxon
- mango
_from_India.jpg?width=60)
Mangifera indicat0 - Treatment
- nonaqueous phasee0
- Outcome
- injurye0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_from_India.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The nonaqueous phase caused maximum injury”
t0“mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Injury from nonaqueous phases varied among varieties.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Treatment
- nonaqueous phasese0
- Outcome
- extent of injurye0
- Qualifier
- different varietiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the extent of injury caused by nonaqueous phases from different varieties was varied”
t0“mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Limonene, ocimene and β-myrcene caused mango injury.
- Taxon
- mangoesMangifera indicae1
- Treatment
- Limonene, ocimene and β-myrcenee0
- Outcome
- injurye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Limonene, ocimene and β-myrcene, the major terpenoids identified in saps of Indian varieties, caused injury”
e1“browning) on mangoes”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic solvents also caused mango injury.
- Taxon
- mangoesMangifera indicae0
- Treatment
- organic solventse0
- Outcome
- injurye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similar type of injury on mangoes was also caused by organic solvents”
Claim · model-written summary
Totapuri mango fruit had significantly less damage than other varieties.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicae0
- Material
- Totapurie0
- Outcome
- Damagee0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- other varietiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Damage on Totapuri mango fruit was significantly lower compared to other varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Totapuri nonaqueous phase injured all other varieties.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Treatment
- Totapuri nonaqueous phasee0
- Outcome
- injurye0
- Qualifier
- all other varietiese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Totapuri nonaqueous phase caused injury on all other varieties”
t0“mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Totapuri peel had very low polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase and polyphenols relative to other varieties.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Material
- Totapuri varietye0
- Organ / stage
- peele0
- Outcome
- polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase and polyphenolse0
- Direction
- very lowe0
- Comparator
- other varietiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The peel of Totapuri variety had very low level of polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase and polyphenols compared to other varieties”
t0“mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Peel enzyme activities and polyphenol content were related to injury extent.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Organ / stage
- peele0
- Outcome
- extent of injurye0
- Qualifier
- polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase activities, the polyphenol contente0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a clear relation was found between the peel polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase activities, the polyphenol content in the peel and the extent of injury”
t0“mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Nonaqueous phase caused no injury after peel heat treatment at 95C for 5 min.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Treatment
- heat-treated at 95C for 5 mine0
- Outcome
- injurye0
- Direction
- neither causede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nonaqueous phase applied on peels previously heat-treated at 95C for 5 min, neither caused injury nor showed any enzyme activity”
t0“mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat-treated peels showed no enzyme activity after nonaqueous phase application.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Treatment
- heat-treated at 95C for 5 mine0
- Outcome
- enzyme activitye0
- Direction
- nor showed anye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nonaqueous phase applied on peels previously heat-treated at 95C for 5 min, neither caused injury nor showed any enzyme activity”
t0“mango”
The same questions in other papers
limonene · crop injury · Mangifera indica (mango)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
heat · crop injury · Mangifera indica (mango)Results differ
11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
11 papers more in this group
See all 15 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.