Abstract
Ocimum grattissimum L. (Labiatae) leaves are widely eaten as a vegetable in Nigeria, and in the eastern parts, are traditionally used in post-harvest protection and relieving stomach aches. The effect of the essential oil of O. grattissimum leaves on Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) was assessed for repellency, mortality, progeny emergence and maize damage in the laboratory. The oil was found to be moderately repellent to the maize weevil and induced high mortality in the weevils. In addition, grains treated with the essential oil showed significant reduction in the number of progeny derived from surviving S. zeamais. There was no observable feeding damage on grains treated with the highest dosage of the essential oil extract. Gas chromatography-linked mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and GC co-injections with authentic samples showed the presence of the following major constituents: thymol (32.7%), paracymene (25.4%), -terpinene (10.8%), -selinene (4.5%), phellandrene (3.9%) and - myrcene (3.1%). The results provide a scientific rationale for the use of the plant in post-harvest protection.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
The essential oil moderately repelled maize weevils.
- Treatment
- oile0
- Interactor
- maize weevil
Sitophilus zeamaise0pest - Outcome
- maize weevile0
- Direction
- repellente0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The oil was found to be moderately repellent to the maize weevil”
e1“maize damage”
Claim · model-written summary
The oil induced high mortality in maize weevils.
- Treatment
- oile0
- Interactor
- maize weevilSitophilus zeamaise0pest
- Outcome
- mortality in the weevilse0
- Direction
- highe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The oil was found to be moderately repellent to the maize weevil and induced high mortality in the weevils”
Claim · model-written summary
Oil-treated grains had significantly fewer surviving-weevil progeny.
- Treatment
- essential oile0
- Interactor
- S. zeamaisSitophilus zeamaise0pest
- Outcome
- number of progeny derived from surviving S. zeamaise0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grains treated with the essential oil showed significant reduction in the number of progeny derived from surviving S. zeamais”
e1“maize damage”
Claim · model-written summary
Grains at the highest oil dosage showed no observable feeding damage.
- Treatment
- highest dosage of the essential oil extracte0
- Outcome
- feeding damagee0
- Direction
- no observablee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was no observable feeding damage on grains treated with the highest dosage of the essential oil extract”
e1“maize damage”
Claim · model-written summary
Thymol was a major essential oil constituent at 32.7%.
Verbatim
e0“thymol (32.7%)”
t0“Ocimum grattissimum”
Claim · model-written summary
Paracymene was a major essential oil constituent at 25.4%.
Verbatim
e0“paracymene (25.4%)”
t0“Ocimum grattissimum”
Claim · model-written summary
Terpinene was a major essential oil constituent at 10.8%.
Verbatim
e0“terpinene (10.8%)”
t0“Ocimum grattissimum”
Claim · model-written summary
Selinene was a major essential oil constituent at 4.5%.
Verbatim
e0“selinene (4.5%)”
t0“Ocimum grattissimum”
Claim · model-written summary
Phellandrene was a major essential oil constituent at 3.9%.
Verbatim
e0“phellandrene (3.9%)”
t0“Ocimum grattissimum”
Claim · model-written summary
Myrcene was a major essential oil constituent at 3.1%.
Verbatim
e0“myrcene (3.1%)”
t0“Ocimum grattissimum”
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