Abstract
Mineral fertilization is one of the most important components of proper cultivation technology of spring wheat. It actually determines the quantity and quality of grain yield. In 2011-2013 a strict field experiment was carried out which aimed to determine the response of chosen spring wheat cultivars to two NPK fertilization levels. In the research hypothesis it was assumed that varied rates of NPK fertilization will modify the canopy structure, the state of plant nutrition and the quantity and quality of spring wheat grain yield. Two fertilization levels were used: 80 N; 43.6 P and 83 K kg·ha -1 (level I) and 120 N; 65.4 P and 124.5 K kg·ha -1 (level II). The tested cultivars were: Hewilla, Monsun, Nawra, Ostka Smolicka, Waluta, Zadra, Żura. The higher rate of mineral fertilization in comparison with the lower one resulted in a significant increase in SPAD and LAI indices values, whereas it did not modify MTA index. The number of ears per 1 m 2 was higher on treatment with the higher fertilization level as compared with the lower. The obtained difference was significant and on average it amounted to 26 no.·m 2 . The number of grains per ear and TGW were not modified by the fertilization factor. Spring wheat gave the highest yields in 2012 and the lowest in 2013. After the use of the higher fertilization level, the mean grain yield amounted to 5.83 Mg·ha -1 and was significantly higher than on the treatment with the lower fertilization level (4.89 Mg·ha -1 ). Plants of the cultivar Ostka Smolicka were characterized by a significantly higher LAI index in relations to the cultivar Monsun, whereas MTA index was significantly higher in plants of the cultivar Waluta in comparison with the cultivar Żura. The highest value of SPAD index was recorded in plants of the cultivars Hewilla and Ostka Smolicka, and significantly lower in the cultivar Żura. Moreover, a significant difference was indicated in SPAD between the cultivars Nawra and Ostka Smolicka. Plants of the cultivar Waluta lodged significantly heavier than those of the cultivar Nawra. More plump grains were formed by Nawra as compared with Zadra. Ostka Smolnicka was characterized by the highest yield, and Monsun, Nawra and Waluta by significantly lower yields. Also it was
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Higher fertilization significantly increased spring wheat SPAD and LAI indices.
- Taxon
- SPRING WHEAT
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- higher rate of mineral fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- SPAD and LAI indices valuese0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- lower onee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The higher rate of mineral fertilization in comparison with the lower one resulted in a significant increase in SPAD and LAI indices values”
t0“SPRING WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher fertilization did not modify the MTA index.
- Taxon
- SPRING WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- higher rate of mineral fertilizatione1
- Outcome
- MTA indexe0
- Direction
- did not modifye0
- Comparator
- lower onee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whereas it did not modify MTA index”
e1“The higher rate of mineral fertilization in comparison with the lower one”
t0“SPRING WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher fertilization significantly increased ears per square metre by 26.
- Taxon
- SPRING WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- higher fertilization levele0
- Outcome
- number of ears per 1 m 2e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 26 no.·m 2e0
- Comparator
- the lowere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The number of ears per 1 m 2 was higher on treatment with the higher fertilization level as compared with the lower. The obtained difference was significant and on average it amounted to 26 no.·m 2”
t0“SPRING WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilization did not modify grains per ear or thousand grain weight.
- Taxon
- SPRING WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- fertilization factore0
- Outcome
- number of grains per ear and TGWe0
- Direction
- not modifiede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The number of grains per ear and TGW were not modified by the fertilization factor”
t0“SPRING WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Spring wheat yielded most in 2012 and least in 2013.
- Taxon
- Spring wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- highest yields in 2012 and the lowest in 2013e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spring wheat gave the highest yields in 2012 and the lowest in 2013”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher fertilization produced 5.83 Mg·ha -1 grain yield, significantly above 4.89 Mg·ha -1 under lower fertilization.
- Taxon
- SPRING WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- higher fertilization levele0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 5.83 Mg·ha -1e0
- Qualifier
- 4.89 Mg·ha -1e0
- Comparator
- lower fertilization levele0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After the use of the higher fertilization level, the mean grain yield amounted to 5.83 Mg·ha -1 and was significantly higher than on the treatment with the lower fertilization level (4.89 Mg·ha -1 )”
t0“SPRING WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Ostka Smolicka had a significantly higher LAI than Monsun.
- Taxon
- SPRING WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Ostka Smolickae0
- Outcome
- LAI indexe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- Monsune0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants of the cultivar Ostka Smolicka were characterized by a significantly higher LAI index in relations to the cultivar Monsun”
t0“SPRING WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Waluta had a significantly higher MTA index than Żura.
- Taxon
- SPRING WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Walutae0
- Outcome
- MTA indexe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- Żurae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MTA index was significantly higher in plants of the cultivar Waluta in comparison with the cultivar Żura”
t0“SPRING WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Hewilla and Ostka Smolicka had the highest SPAD index, above Żura.
- Taxon
- SPRING WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Hewilla and Ostka Smolickae0
- Outcome
- SPAD indexe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- Żurae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest value of SPAD index was recorded in plants of the cultivars Hewilla and Ostka Smolicka, and significantly lower in the cultivar Żura”
t0“SPRING WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Nawra and Ostka Smolicka differed significantly in SPAD.
- Taxon
- SPRING WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Nawra and Ostka Smolickae0
- Outcome
- SPADe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a significant difference was indicated in SPAD between the cultivars Nawra and Ostka Smolicka”
t0“SPRING WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Waluta lodged significantly more heavily than Nawra.
- Taxon
- SPRING WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Walutae0
- Outcome
- lodgede0
- Direction
- heaviere0
- Comparator
- Nawrae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants of the cultivar Waluta lodged significantly heavier than those of the cultivar Nawra”
t0“SPRING WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Nawra formed plumper grains than Zadra.
- Taxon
- SPRING WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Nawrae0
- Outcome
- plump grainse0
- Direction
- Moree0
- Comparator
- Zadrae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“More plump grains were formed by Nawra as compared with Zadra”
t0“SPRING WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Ostka Smolnicka had the highest yield, while Monsun, Nawra and Waluta yielded significantly less.
- Taxon
- SPRING WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Ostka Smolnickae0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- Monsun, Nawra and Walutae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ostka Smolnicka was characterized by the highest yield, and Monsun, Nawra and Waluta by significantly lower yields”
t0“SPRING WHEAT”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 3,438 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.