Paper · 1969 · Weed Research

EFFECTS OF TIME OF SOWING OF SPRING WHEAT AN D DEFOLIATION OF AGROPYRON REFENS (L.) BEAUV. ON COMPETITION BETWEEN THEM

E. D. WILLIAMS

10
claims
10
verbatim quotes
4
citations
3
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Summary. Spring wheat, sown at three different times, and Agropyron repens, defoliated at the same three times, were grown separately or together in pots kept in an open‐sided cage. The pots were widely spaced and adequately watered. Early sowing of wheat gave a greater grain yield than late sowing, and lessened the loss from competition with Agropyron. Early defoliation of Agropyron slowed its subsequent early growth more than did late defoliation, and plants defoliated early suffered more from competition with wheat. Competition, probably mainly for nitrogen, decreased tillering and the number of ears produced by wheat, more when sowing was late than early, but grain dry weight per ear was decreased equally at the three times of sowing. The rate at which wheat produced leaves was affected by competition only at the last date of sowing. In competition with wheat, Agropyron produced fewer shoots and ears, had lighter shoots and rhizomes, and ear emergence was slightly delayed.

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Claims 10

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Early sowing of spring wheat gave a greater grain yield than late sowing.

Treatment
Early sowinge0
Outcome
grain yielde0
Direction
greatere0
Comparator
late sowinge0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Early sowing of wheat gave a greater grain yield than late sowing”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 234–299 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Early sowing of wheat lessened the loss from competition with Agropyron compared with late sowing.

Treatment
Early sowinge0
Interactor
AgropyronAgropyrone0weed
Outcome
loss from competition with Agropyrone0
Direction
lessenede0
Comparator
late sowinge0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Agropyron
Agropyron · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)Rasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Early sowing of wheat gave a greater grain yield than late sowing, and lessened the loss from competition with Agropyron”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 234–354 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Early defoliation of Agropyron slowed its subsequent early growth more than late defoliation did.

Taxon
AgropyronAgropyrone0
Treatment
Early defoliatione0
Outcome
subsequent early growthe0
Direction
slowede0
Comparator
late defoliatione0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Agropyron
Agropyron · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Rasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Early defoliation of Agropyron slowed its subsequent early growth more than did late defoliation”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 356–452 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Agropyron plants defoliated early suffered more from competition with wheat than plants defoliated late.

Taxon
AgropyronAgropyrone0
Treatment
defoliated earlye0
Interactor
wheatTriticum aestivume0other
Outcome
suffered more from competition with wheate0
Direction
moree0
Comparator
late defoliatione0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Agropyron
Agropyron · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Rasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · InteractorRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Early defoliation of Agropyron slowed its subsequent early growth more than did late defoliation, and plants defoliated early suffered more from competition with wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 356–523 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Competition, probably mainly for nitrogen, decreased tillering and the number of ears produced by wheat, more when sowing was late than when early.

Treatment
Competitione0
Outcome
tillering and the number of earse0
Direction
decreasede0
Qualifier
more when sowing was late than earlye0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Competition, probably mainly for nitrogen, decreased tillering and the number of ears produced by wheat, more when sowing was late than early”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 525–666 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Competition decreased grain dry weight per ear of wheat equally at the three times of sowing.

Treatment
Competitione0
Outcome
grain dry weight per eare0
Direction
decreasede0
Qualifier
equally at the three times of sowinge0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Competition, probably mainly for nitrogen, decreased tillering and the number of ears produced by wheat, more when sowing was late than early, but grain dry weight per ear was decreased equally at the three times of sowing”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 525–747 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The rate at which wheat produced leaves was affected by competition only at the last date of sowing.

Treatment
competitione0
Outcome
rate at which wheat produced leavese0
Qualifier
only at the last date of sowinge0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The rate at which wheat produced leaves was affected by competition only at the last date of sowing”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 749–848 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In competition with wheat, Agropyron produced fewer shoots and ears.

Taxon
AgropyronAgropyrone0
Treatment
competition with wheate0
Interactor
wheatTriticum aestivume0other
Outcome
shoots and earse0
Direction
fewere0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Agropyron
Agropyron · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Rasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · InteractorRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In competition with wheat, Agropyron produced fewer shoots and ears”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 850–917 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In competition with wheat, Agropyron had lighter shoots and rhizomes.

Taxon
AgropyronAgropyrone0
Treatment
competition with wheate0
Interactor
wheatTriticum aestivume0other
Outcome
shoots and rhizomese0
Direction
lightere0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Agropyron
Agropyron · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Rasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · InteractorRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In competition with wheat, Agropyron produced fewer shoots and ears, had lighter shoots and rhizomes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 850–950 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In competition with wheat, ear emergence of Agropyron was slightly delayed.

Taxon
AgropyronAgropyrone0
Treatment
competition with wheate0
Interactor
wheatTriticum aestivume0other
Outcome
ear emergencee0
Direction
delayede0
Qualifier
slightlye0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Agropyron
Agropyron · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Rasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · InteractorRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In competition with wheat, Agropyron produced fewer shoots and ears, had lighter shoots and rhizomes, and ear emergence was slightly delayed”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 850–990 · show in text ↑

competition · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

16 papers: 1 positive, 15 negative or no effect

14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. negative

12 papers more in this group

See all 16 papers →

competition · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

35 papers: 3 positive, 32 negative or no effect

31 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

31 papers more in this group

See all 35 papers →

sowing time · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

462 papers: 266 positive, 196 negative or no effect

265 papers in the same direction as this paper · 191 in the opposite direction · 5 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

458 papers more in this group

See all 462 papers →

pruning · growth · AgropyronResults agree

2 papers: 2 positive, 0 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
See all 2 papers →

competition · growth · AgropyronResults agree

3 papers: 3 positive, 0 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
See all 3 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.