Abstract
effects of different drip irrigation regimens on mature Valencia orange trees growing in southern Uruguay were studied over a five year period (1995-2000). These treatments were: no irrigation (T1), irrigation at 50% ETc (T2), 100% ETc (T3), 150% ETc (T4), and irrigation-stress-irrigation (T5, equal to T3 except during the period from approximately mid-December to mid-February, when no irrigation was provided). Trunk cross-sectional area and crown volume increased linearly with the amount of water applied. Flower number and fruit setting were not affected by the treatments. T3 gave the best yield, which on average was 31% higher than that obtained with T1. Fruit size was the yield component most affected by irrigation treatment. The exportable yield of the T3 trees was almost double that of the T1 trees (36.7 and 19.2 t ha-1 year-1 respectively). T2 allowed a seasonal water saving of 738 cubic m ha-1 year-1 but produced smaller trees; nonetheless, the reduction in exportable yield was only moderate (14%). T4 used more water than T3 and produced larger trees, but led to no improvement in yield. The complete restriction of irrigation during the initial phases of fruit enlargement (T5) led to a smaller water saving than that provided by the T2 regime (547 cubic m ha-1 year-1) and a greater reduction (22%) in the exportable yield.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Trunk cross-sectional area and crown volume of Valencia orange trees increased linearly with the amount of water applied.
- Taxon
- Valencia orange
Citrus sinensist0 - Treatment
- the amount of water appliede2
- Outcome
- Trunk cross-sectional area and crown volumee2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Qualifier
- linearlye2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The response of Valencia orange trees to irrigation in Uruguay”
e2“Trunk cross-sectional area and crown volume increased linearly with the amount of water applied”
Claim · model-written summary
Flower number and fruit setting of Valencia orange were not affected by the irrigation regimens.
- Taxon
- Valencia orangeCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- drip irrigation regimense1
- Outcome
- Flower number and fruit settinge3
- Direction
- not affectede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The response of Valencia orange trees to irrigation in Uruguay”
e1“effects of different drip irrigation regimens on mature Valencia orange trees growing in southern Uruguay were studied over a five year period (1995-2000)”
e3“Flower number and fruit setting were not affected by the treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield of Valencia orange at 100% ETc (T3) was 31% higher than at T1.
- Taxon
- Valencia orangeCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- 100% ETc (T3)e0
- Outcome
- yielde4
- Direction
- highere4
- Value
- 31%e4
- Comparator
- T1e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The response of Valencia orange trees to irrigation in Uruguay”
e4“T3 gave the best yield, which on average was 31% higher than that obtained with T1”
e0“irrigation at 50% ETc (T2), 100% ETc (T3), 150% ETc (T4)”
Claim · model-written summary
Exportable yield of T3 Valencia orange trees was almost double that of T1 trees.
- Taxon
- Valencia orangeCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- 100% ETc (T3)e0
- Outcome
- exportable yielde5
- Direction
- almost doublee5
- Value
- 36.7 and 19.2 t ha-1 year-1e5
- Comparator
- T1e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The response of Valencia orange trees to irrigation in Uruguay”
e5“The exportable yield of the T3 trees was almost double that of the T1 trees (36.7 and 19.2 t ha-1 year-1 respectively)”
e0“irrigation at 50% ETc (T2), 100% ETc (T3), 150% ETc (T4)”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation at 50% ETc (T2) allowed a seasonal water saving of 738 cubic m/ha/year.
- Taxon
- Valencia orangeCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- irrigation at 50% ETc (T2)e0
- Outcome
- seasonal water savinge6
- Direction
- increaseinferrede6
- Value
- 738 cubic m ha-1 year-1e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The response of Valencia orange trees to irrigation in Uruguay”
e6“T2 allowed a seasonal water saving of 738 cubic m ha-1 year-1 but produced smaller trees”
e0“irrigation at 50% ETc (T2), 100% ETc (T3), 150% ETc (T4)”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation at 50% ETc (T2) produced smaller Valencia orange trees.
- Taxon
- Valencia orangeCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- irrigation at 50% ETc (T2)e0
- Outcome
- treese6
- Direction
- smallere6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The response of Valencia orange trees to irrigation in Uruguay”
e6“T2 allowed a seasonal water saving of 738 cubic m ha-1 year-1 but produced smaller trees”
e0“irrigation at 50% ETc (T2), 100% ETc (T3), 150% ETc (T4)”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation at 50% ETc (T2) reduced exportable yield only moderately, by 14%.
- Taxon
- Valencia orangeCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- irrigation at 50% ETc (T2)e0
- Outcome
- exportable yielde7
- Direction
- reductione7
- Value
- 14%e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The response of Valencia orange trees to irrigation in Uruguay”
e7“nonetheless, the reduction in exportable yield was only moderate (14%)”
e0“irrigation at 50% ETc (T2), 100% ETc (T3), 150% ETc (T4)”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation at 150% ETc (T4) used more water than 100% ETc (T3).
- Taxon
- Valencia orangeCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- 150% ETc (T4)e0
- Outcome
- watere6
- Direction
- moree6
- Comparator
- T3e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The response of Valencia orange trees to irrigation in Uruguay”
e6“T4 used more water than T3 and produced larger trees, but led to no improvement in yield”
e0“irrigation at 50% ETc (T2), 100% ETc (T3), 150% ETc (T4)”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation at 150% ETc (T4) produced larger Valencia orange trees than 100% ETc (T3).
- Taxon
- Valencia orangeCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- 150% ETc (T4)e0
- Outcome
- treese6
- Direction
- largere6
- Comparator
- T3e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The response of Valencia orange trees to irrigation in Uruguay”
e6“T4 used more water than T3 and produced larger trees, but led to no improvement in yield”
e0“irrigation at 50% ETc (T2), 100% ETc (T3), 150% ETc (T4)”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation at 150% ETc (T4) gave no improvement in yield over 100% ETc (T3).
- Taxon
- Valencia orangeCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- 150% ETc (T4)e0
- Outcome
- yielde6
- Direction
- no improvemente6
- Comparator
- T3e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The response of Valencia orange trees to irrigation in Uruguay”
e6“T4 used more water than T3 and produced larger trees, but led to no improvement in yield”
e0“irrigation at 50% ETc (T2), 100% ETc (T3), 150% ETc (T4)”
Claim · model-written summary
Complete restriction of irrigation during early fruit enlargement (T5) gave a smaller water saving than the T2 regime.
- Taxon
- Valencia orangeCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- The complete restriction of irrigation during the initial phases of fruit enlargement (T5)e1
- Outcome
- water savinge1
- Direction
- smallere1
- Value
- 547 cubic m ha-1 year-1e1
- Comparator
- T2 regimee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The response of Valencia orange trees to irrigation in Uruguay”
e1“The complete restriction of irrigation during the initial phases of fruit enlargement (T5) led to a smaller water saving than that provided by the T2 regime (547 cubic m ha-1 year-1) and a greater reduction (22%) in the exportable yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Complete restriction of irrigation during early fruit enlargement (T5) reduced exportable yield by 22%.
- Taxon
- Valencia orangeCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- The complete restriction of irrigation during the initial phases of fruit enlargement (T5)e1
- Outcome
- exportable yielde1
- Direction
- greater reductione1
- Value
- 22%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The response of Valencia orange trees to irrigation in Uruguay”
e1“The complete restriction of irrigation during the initial phases of fruit enlargement (T5) led to a smaller water saving than that provided by the T2 regime (547 cubic m ha-1 year-1) and a greater reduction (22%) in the exportable yield”
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