Abstract
Sorghum productivity is limited in Kobo area mainly due to deterioration of soil fertility and continuous cropping. Hence, an experiment on sorghum/cowpea intercropping was conducted in 2014/15 cropping season to assess the effect of density of the intercropped cowpea and nitrogen fertilizer rates on yield and yield related traits of sorghum and cowpea as well as to determine the appropriate plant density of cowpea and nitrogen fertilizer rate that maximize the productivity of the intercrop system. Treatments consisted of factorial combinations of three cowpea densities (50, 75 and 100%) and four levels of nitrogen rates (0, 20.5, 41 and 61.5kg N ha -1 ) accompanied with sole sorghum and sole cowpea, carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The analyzed result showed that plant height and dry biomass yield of sorghum as well as leaf area and leaf area index of both crops showed an increased trend as N level increased linearly. Leaf area index of cowpea was also affected by cowpea density in which the largest data was recorded at high population density. Similarly, grain yields of component crops were significantly influenced (P<0.01) due to the interaction effect. Thus, the highest grain yield of sorghum (2370.4 kg ha -1 ) and cowpea (821.3 kg ha -1 ) were obtained from the combination of 41 kg N ha -1 + 75% sole cowpea density, and 20.5 kg N ha -1 + 100% of cowpea density, respectively. Similarly, 20.5 kg N ha -1 + 100% planting density produced the highest dry biomass (2375.0 kg ha -1 ) of cowpea. The land equivalent ratio (LER) and gross monetary value (GMV) showed that sorghum-cowpea intercropping was highly superior to and more advantageous over sole cropping. The highest values of LER and GMV were obtained from combination of 41 kg N ha -1 and 75% sole cowpea density. This is, therefore, sorghum-cowpea intercropping was proved to be more productive and efficient system in utilizing land compared to sole cropping with carefully managed N fertilizer and cowpea plant density. Hence, combination of 41 kg N ha -1 and 75% sole cowpea density can be recommended for the farmers in the study area to improve sorghum productivity and the cropping system at large.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum plant height increased with nitrogen level.
SorghumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plant height and dry biomass yield of sorghum as well as leaf area and leaf area index of both crops showed an increased trend as N level increased linearly”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum dry biomass yield increased with nitrogen level.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plant height and dry biomass yield of sorghum as well as leaf area and leaf area index of both crops showed an increased trend as N level increased linearly”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf area and leaf area index of sorghum rose as nitrogen increased.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plant height and dry biomass yield of sorghum as well as leaf area and leaf area index of both crops showed an increased trend as N level increased linearly”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf area and leaf area index of cowpea rose as nitrogen increased.
- Taxon
- cowpea
Vigna unguiculatat0 - Treatment
- N levele0
- Outcome
- leaf area and leaf area indexe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plant height and dry biomass yield of sorghum as well as leaf area and leaf area index of both crops showed an increased trend as N level increased linearly”
t0“Cowpea Density”
Claim · model-written summary
Cowpea leaf area index was largest at high cowpea density.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- high population densitye0
- Outcome
- Leaf area indexe0
- Direction
- largeste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf area index of cowpea was also affected by cowpea density in which the largest data was recorded at high population density”
Claim · model-written summary
Component crop grain yields were significantly influenced by the interaction of treatments.
- Outcome
- grain yields of component cropse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yields of component crops were significantly influenced (P<0.01) due to the interaction effect”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum grain yield peaked at 2370.4 kg ha -1 with 41 kg N ha -1 and 75% cowpea density.
- Treatment
- 41 kg N ha -1 + 75% sole cowpea densitye0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 2370.4 kg ha -1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest grain yield of sorghum (2370.4 kg ha -1 ) and cowpea (821.3 kg ha -1 ) were obtained from the combination of 41 kg N ha -1 + 75% sole cowpea density, and 20.5 kg N ha -1 + 100% of cowpea density, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Cowpea grain yield peaked at 821.3 kg ha -1 with 20.5 kg N ha -1 and full cowpea density.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- 20.5 kg N ha -1 + 100% of cowpea densitye0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 821.3 kg ha -1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest grain yield of sorghum (2370.4 kg ha -1 ) and cowpea (821.3 kg ha -1 ) were obtained from the combination of 41 kg N ha -1 + 75% sole cowpea density, and 20.5 kg N ha -1 + 100% of cowpea density, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Cowpea dry biomass peaked at 2375.0 kg ha -1 under 20.5 kg N ha -1 plus full planting density.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- 20.5 kg N ha -1 + 100% planting densitye0
- Outcome
- dry biomasse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 2375.0 kg ha -1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“20.5 kg N ha -1 + 100% planting density produced the highest dry biomass (2375.0 kg ha -1 ) of cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping had superior land equivalent ratio relative to sole cropping.
Verbatim
e0“The land equivalent ratio (LER) and gross monetary value (GMV) showed that sorghum-cowpea intercropping was highly superior to and more advantageous over sole cropping”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping had superior gross monetary value relative to sole cropping.
Verbatim
e0“The land equivalent ratio (LER) and gross monetary value (GMV) showed that sorghum-cowpea intercropping was highly superior to and more advantageous over sole cropping”
Claim · model-written summary
Land equivalent ratio was highest at 41 kg N ha -1 and 75% cowpea density.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest values of LER and GMV were obtained from combination of 41 kg N ha -1 and 75% sole cowpea density”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Gross monetary value was highest at 41 kg N ha -1 and 75% cowpea density.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest values of LER and GMV were obtained from combination of 41 kg N ha -1 and 75% sole cowpea density”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors recommend 41 kg N ha -1 and 75% cowpea density to improve sorghum productivity.
- Outcome
- combination of 41 kg N ha -1 and 75% sole cowpea density can be recommendede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“combination of 41 kg N ha -1 and 75% sole cowpea density can be recommended for the farmers in the study area to improve sorghum productivity and the cropping system at large”
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