Abstract
Effectiveness of a potential plant growth regulator, 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) on improving yield and regulating some potential physio-chemical attributes of seed and oil of two sunflower cultivars was examined in a greenhouse experiment. Four varying levels of ALA 20, 50 and 80 mg L -1 were applied foliarly to the two sunflower cultivars (Hysun-33 and S-278) grown under saline (150 mM NaCl) and non-saline (0 mM NaCl) conditions. Salt stress adversely affected the achenes/plant, total achene yield, 100-achene weight, seed moisture content, seed oil percentage, seed K + and P concentrations of both sunflower cultivars, while in contrast, salt-induced increase in the accumulation of Cl and Na + in seed as well as α-tocopherols in oil of both sunflower cultivars. However, no significant change in seed organic and inorganic contents, oil refractive index (RI) and seed Ca 2+ content was observed due to salt stress in both sunflower cultivars. Foliar-applied varying levels ALA remained ineffective in improving all yield variables, oil refractive index and seed inorganic nutrients (Na + , Cl , K + and P) of both sunflower cultivars under saline and non-saline regimes. However, a significant increase in seed oil concentration, accumulation of oil α-tocopherols and seed P of both sunflower cultivars was observed due to foliar-applied 20 and 80 mg L -1 of ALA under saline conditions. Overall, ALA was ineffective in ameliorating the salt-induced adverse effects on yield and different seed-oil characteristics except of seed P and oil αtocopherols in sunflower plants.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced achenes per plant, total yield and 100 achene weight in both cultivars.
- Taxon
- SUNFLOWER
Helianthus annuust0 - Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- achenes/plant, total achene yield, 100-achene weighte0
- Direction
- adversely affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress adversely affected the achenes/plant, total achene yield, 100-achene weight”
t0“SUNFLOWER”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced seed moisture, oil percentage, potassium and phosphorus concentrations in both cultivars.
- Taxon
- SUNFLOWERHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- seed moisture content, seed oil percentage, seed K + and P concentrationse0
- Direction
- adversely affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress adversely affected the achenes/plant, total achene yield, 100-achene weight, seed moisture content, seed oil percentage, seed K + and P concentrations of both sunflower cultivars”
t0“SUNFLOWER”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased seed chloride, sodium and oil alpha tocopherols in both cultivars.
- Taxon
- SUNFLOWERHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- salte0
- Outcome
- accumulation of Cl and Na + in seed as well as α-tocopherols in oile0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salt-induced increase in the accumulation of Cl and Na + in seed as well as α-tocopherols in oil of both sunflower cultivars”
t0“SUNFLOWER”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress did not significantly change seed organic and inorganic contents, oil refractive index or seed calcium.
- Taxon
- SUNFLOWERHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- seed organic and inorganic contents, oil refractive index (RI) and seed Ca 2+ contente0
- Direction
- no significant changee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no significant change in seed organic and inorganic contents, oil refractive index (RI) and seed Ca 2+ content was observed due to salt stress”
t0“SUNFLOWER”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar ALA did not improve yield variables, refractive index or seed inorganic nutrients under saline and non saline regimes.
- Taxon
- SUNFLOWERHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- Foliar-applied varying levels ALAe0
- Outcome
- all yield variables, oil refractive index and seed inorganic nutrients (Na + , Cl , K + and P)e0
- Direction
- ineffective in improvinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar-applied varying levels ALA remained ineffective in improving all yield variables, oil refractive index and seed inorganic nutrients (Na + , Cl , K + and P) of both sunflower cultivars under saline and non-saline regimes”
t0“SUNFLOWER”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar 20 and 80 mg L -1 ALA significantly increased seed oil concentration, oil alpha tocopherols and seed phosphorus under saline conditions.
- Taxon
- SUNFLOWERHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- foliar-applied 20 and 80 mg L -1 of ALAe0
- Outcome
- seed oil concentration, accumulation of oil α-tocopherols and seed Pe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- under saline conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a significant increase in seed oil concentration, accumulation of oil α-tocopherols and seed P of both sunflower cultivars was observed due to foliar-applied 20 and 80 mg L -1 of ALA under saline conditions”
t0“SUNFLOWER”
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