Abstract
This study was designed to elucidate the role of Trichoderma harzianum Rifai as biofertilizer for improving the Eruca sativa plant growth in the presence of metals mixture. At the same time using the changes in plant metabolism as biomarker for evaluating the toxicity of metals on plant in the presence of these biofertilizers. E. sativa plants cultivated in soil inoculated with T. harzianum as a biofertilizer and were exposed to different concentrations (50, 100 and 200 ppm) of copper and zinc mixture as sulfate salts. The fatty acid composition of Eruca sativa could be used as an additional biomarker of soil contamination by metals mixture. Saturated (Palmitic and stearic acid) and unsaturated (oleic acid) fatty acid contents could be detected in the plant cultivated in soil at different treatments with T. harzianum in presence of different mixtures of copper and zinc concentrations, while other fatty acids were found to be affected by metals in the soil. Behenic acid was detected only at high concentration (100 and 200 ppm) in absence of T. harzianum inoculation. Stearic, arachidic and lignoceric acids could be detected at high concentrations with T. harzianum inoculation. Inoculation of T. harzianum in the soil improved the plant growth and minimizes the toxic effect of metals mixture. At the same time an increase in the content of chlorophyll (a) and (b) could be detected. Addition of T. harzianum to cultivated soil minimizes the absorbed amount of metals in plant, where the percentage of copper was 6.04 and 4.69% with uninoculation and inoculation of T. harzianum, respectively. On the other hand, copper and zinc mixture decreased the percentage of Mg metal in plant and the addition of T. harzianum +2 increased their percentage, where their percentage was 4.92% in presence of 100 ppm of metals mixture without T. harzianum and becoming 7.08% with T. harzianum. Exposure of Eruca sativa plant to high concentrations of metals mixture (100 ppm) without T. harzianum induced a significant increase in catalase and peroxidase enzymes activities.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation of T. harzianum in the soil improved the growth of Eruca sativa in metal-polluted soil.
- Taxon
- Eruca Sativa
Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0 - Treatment
- Inoculation of T. harzianume0
- Interactor
- T. harzianum
Trichoderma harzianume0other - Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation of T. harzianum in the soil improved the plant growth and minimizes the toxic effect of metals mixture”
t0“Eruca Sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation of T. harzianum in the soil minimized the toxic effect of the metals mixture on Eruca sativa.
- Taxon
- Eruca SativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- Inoculation of T. harzianume0
- Interactor
- T. harzianumTrichoderma harzianume0other
- Outcome
- toxic effect of metals mixturee0
- Direction
- minimizese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation of T. harzianum in the soil improved the plant growth and minimizes the toxic effect of metals mixture”
t0“Eruca Sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
An increase in the content of chlorophyll a and b was detected in Eruca sativa grown with T. harzianum in metal-polluted soil.
- Taxon
- Eruca SativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Outcome
- content of chlorophyll (a) and (b)e0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an increase in the content of chlorophyll (a) and (b) could be detected”
t0“Eruca Sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding T. harzianum to the soil minimized the amount of metals absorbed by Eruca sativa; copper was 6.04% without and 4.69% with inoculation.
- Taxon
- Eruca SativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- Addition of T. harzianume0
- Interactor
- T. harzianumTrichoderma harzianume0other
- Outcome
- absorbed amount of metals in plante0
- Direction
- minimizese0
- Value
- 6.04 and 4.69%e0
- Qualifier
- percentage of coppere0
- Comparator
- uninoculatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of T. harzianum to cultivated soil minimizes the absorbed amount of metals in plant, where the percentage of copper was 6.04 and 4.69% with uninoculation and inoculation of T. harzianum, respectively”
t0“Eruca Sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
The copper and zinc mixture decreased the percentage of Mg in Eruca sativa.
- Taxon
- Eruca SativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- copper and zinc mixturee0
- Outcome
- percentage of Mg metale0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“copper and zinc mixture decreased the percentage of Mg metal in plant”
t0“Eruca Sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Addition of T. harzianum increased the Mg percentage in Eruca sativa, from 4.92% without T. harzianum to 7.08% with it at 100 ppm of metals mixture.
- Taxon
- Eruca SativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- addition of T. harzianume0
- Interactor
- T. harzianumTrichoderma harzianume0other
- Outcome
- their percentagee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 7.08%e0
- Qualifier
- 4.92% in presence of 100 ppm of metals mixturee0
- Comparator
- without T. harzianume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the addition of T. harzianum +2 increased their percentage, where their percentage was 4.92% in presence of 100 ppm of metals mixture without T. harzianum and becoming 7.08% with T. harzianum”
t0“Eruca Sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Exposure of Eruca sativa to a high concentration of metals mixture (100 ppm) without T. harzianum induced a significant increase in catalase and peroxidase activities.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativae0
- Treatment
- high concentrations of metals mixture (100 ppm)e0
- Outcome
- catalase and peroxidase enzymes activitiese0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- without T. harzianume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exposure of Eruca sativa plant to high concentrations of metals mixture (100 ppm) without T. harzianum induced a significant increase in catalase and peroxidase enzymes activities”
Claim · model-written summary
Saturated (palmitic and stearic acid) and unsaturated (oleic acid) fatty acids were detected in Eruca sativa across the T. harzianum and Cu-Zn treatments.
- Taxon
- Eruca SativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- different treatments with T. harzianum in presence of different mixtures of copper and zinc concentrationse0
- Outcome
- Saturated (Palmitic and stearic acid) and unsaturated (oleic acid) fatty acid contentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Saturated (Palmitic and stearic acid) and unsaturated (oleic acid) fatty acid contents could be detected in the plant cultivated in soil at different treatments with T. harzianum in presence of different mixtures of copper and zinc concentrations”
t0“Eruca Sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Behenic acid was detected in Eruca sativa only at high concentrations (100 and 200 ppm) of the metals mixture without T. harzianum inoculation.
- Taxon
- Eruca SativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Outcome
- Behenic acid was detectede0
- Qualifier
- only at high concentration (100 and 200 ppm) in absence of T. harzianum inoculatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Behenic acid was detected only at high concentration (100 and 200 ppm) in absence of T. harzianum inoculation”
t0“Eruca Sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Stearic, arachidic and lignoceric acids were detected in Eruca sativa at high concentrations of the metals mixture with T. harzianum inoculation.
- Taxon
- Eruca SativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Outcome
- Stearic, arachidic and lignoceric acids could be detectede0
- Qualifier
- at high concentrations with T. harzianum inoculatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stearic, arachidic and lignoceric acids could be detected at high concentrations with T. harzianum inoculation”
t0“Eruca Sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose that the fatty acid composition of Eruca sativa could be used as an additional biomarker of soil contamination by a metals mixture.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativae0
- Outcome
- fatty acid compositione0
- Qualifier
- could be used as an additional biomarker of soil contamination by metals mixturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fatty acid composition of Eruca sativa could be used as an additional biomarker of soil contamination by metals mixture”
The same questions in other papers
zinc atom · nutrient: content · Eruca vesicariaPositive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
Trichoderma harzianum · growth · Eruca vesicariaResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
inoculation · growth · Eruca vesicariaResults agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.