Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri, Maharashtra, India for two consecutive Rabi seasons 2011 and 2012 to find out most suitable and efficient combination of different pre-plant and post-emergence herbicides to control weeds in onion seed production crop. Experiment was conducted in randomized block design with 9 treatments and three replications consisting of pre-plant application of pendimethalin, post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen and quizalofop- ethyl and their different combinations. The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/ha resulted in effective control of various broad-leaf and grassy-weeds and recorded lower weed density, weed biomass, weed index and higher weed control efficiency. This treatment also produced higher number of umbels per plant, plant dry matter, number of seeds per umbel, seed weight per umbel, 1000 seed weight and longer flowering stalk, and diameter of umbel. It also produced higher seed yield (439.30 kg/ha), gross return (’ 329,475/ha), net return (’ 192,450/ha) and B:C ratio (2.40) over all the other chemical weed control treatments.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide combination produced lower weed density in onion seed production.
- Taxon
- onion
Allium cepat0 - Treatment
- The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/hae0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- weed densitye0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/ha resulted in effective control of various broad-leaf and grassy-weeds and recorded lower weed density, weed biomass, weed index and higher weed control efficiency.”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide combination produced lower weed biomass in onion seed production.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/hae0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- weed biomasse0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/ha resulted in effective control of various broad-leaf and grassy-weeds and recorded lower weed density, weed biomass, weed index and higher weed control efficiency.”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide combination produced lower weed index in onion seed production.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/hae0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- weed indexe0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/ha resulted in effective control of various broad-leaf and grassy-weeds and recorded lower weed density, weed biomass, weed index and higher weed control efficiency.”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide combination produced higher weed control efficiency in onion seed production.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/hae0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- weed control efficiencye0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/ha resulted in effective control of various broad-leaf and grassy-weeds and recorded lower weed density, weed biomass, weed index and higher weed control efficiency.”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide combination produced higher number of umbels per plant in onion.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/hae1
- Outcome
- number of umbels per plante0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This treatment also produced higher number of umbels per plant, plant dry matter, number of seeds per umbel, seed weight per umbel, 1000 seed weight and longer flowering stalk, and diameter of umbel.”
e1“The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/ha”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide combination produced higher plant dry matter in onion.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/hae1
- Outcome
- plant dry mattere0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This treatment also produced higher number of umbels per plant, plant dry matter, number of seeds per umbel, seed weight per umbel, 1000 seed weight and longer flowering stalk, and diameter of umbel.”
e1“The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/ha”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide combination produced higher number of seeds per umbel in onion.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/hae1
- Outcome
- number of seeds per umbele0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This treatment also produced higher number of umbels per plant, plant dry matter, number of seeds per umbel, seed weight per umbel, 1000 seed weight and longer flowering stalk, and diameter of umbel.”
e1“The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/ha”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide combination produced higher seed weight per umbel in onion.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/hae1
- Outcome
- seed weight per umbele0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This treatment also produced higher number of umbels per plant, plant dry matter, number of seeds per umbel, seed weight per umbel, 1000 seed weight and longer flowering stalk, and diameter of umbel.”
e1“The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/ha”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide combination produced higher 1000 seed weight in onion.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/hae1
- Outcome
- 1000 seed weighte0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This treatment also produced higher number of umbels per plant, plant dry matter, number of seeds per umbel, seed weight per umbel, 1000 seed weight and longer flowering stalk, and diameter of umbel.”
e1“The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/ha”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide combination produced longer flowering stalk in onion.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/hae1
- Outcome
- flowering stalke0
- Direction
- longere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This treatment also produced higher number of umbels per plant, plant dry matter, number of seeds per umbel, seed weight per umbel, 1000 seed weight and longer flowering stalk, and diameter of umbel.”
e1“The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/ha”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide combination produced higher diameter of umbel in onion.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/hae1
- Outcome
- diameter of umbele0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This treatment also produced higher number of umbels per plant, plant dry matter, number of seeds per umbel, seed weight per umbel, 1000 seed weight and longer flowering stalk, and diameter of umbel.”
e1“The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/ha”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide combination gave higher seed yield than other chemical weed control treatments.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/hae1
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 439.30 kg/hae0
- Comparator
- all the other chemical weed control treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It also produced higher seed yield (439.30 kg/ha), gross return (’ 329,475/ha), net return (’ 192,450/ha) and B:C ratio (2.40) over all the other chemical weed control treatments.”
e1“The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/ha”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide combination gave higher gross return than other chemical weed control treatments.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/hae1
- Outcome
- gross returne0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- ’ 329,475/hae0
- Comparator
- all the other chemical weed control treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It also produced higher seed yield (439.30 kg/ha), gross return (’ 329,475/ha), net return (’ 192,450/ha) and B:C ratio (2.40) over all the other chemical weed control treatments.”
e1“The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/ha”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide combination gave higher net return than other chemical weed control treatments.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/hae1
- Outcome
- net returne0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- ’ 192,450/hae0
- Comparator
- all the other chemical weed control treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It also produced higher seed yield (439.30 kg/ha), gross return (’ 329,475/ha), net return (’ 192,450/ha) and B:C ratio (2.40) over all the other chemical weed control treatments.”
e1“The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/ha”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide combination gave higher B:C ratio than other chemical weed control treatments.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/hae1
- Outcome
- B:C ratioe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 2.40e0
- Comparator
- all the other chemical weed control treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It also produced higher seed yield (439.30 kg/ha), gross return (’ 329,475/ha), net return (’ 192,450/ha) and B:C ratio (2.40) over all the other chemical weed control treatments.”
e1“The pre-plant application of pendimethalin 0.750 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 0.250 kg/ha mixed with quizalofop-ethyl 0.050 kg/ha”
t0“onion”
The same questions in other papers
pendimethalin · yield · Allium cepa (onion)Results differ
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- positive
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See all 10 papers →8 of 12 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.