Abstract
Wheat flour protein components affect the processing quality of wheat. While it is known that zinc (Zn) fertilization can change flour protein content, there is little knowledge about Zn influence on flour protein composition. A pot experiment was conducted with five Zn fertilization treatments and three wheat genotypes differing in protein concentration and gluten composition. Zn fertilization up to 10 mg Zn/kg soil increased activity of nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase in flag leaves after flowering, but 40 mg Zn/kg soil caused a genotype-dependent decline in these activities. Similarly, an increase in Zn fertilization was associated with a genotype-dependent increase in grain protein content and concentrations of gliadins, glutenins, albumins and globulin in flour, followed by a decrease of all three protein types at 40 mg Zn/kg soil. These results demonstrate that Zn nutrition can alter flour protein content and composition in wheat that has differential end uses, influencing flour quality.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc fertilization up to 10 mg Zn/kg soil increased flag-leaf nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase activity after flowering.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Organ / stage
- flag leaves after floweringe0
- Treatment
- Zn fertilization up to 10 mg Zn/kg soile0
- Outcome
- activity of nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetasee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zn fertilization up to 10 mg Zn/kg soil increased activity of nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase in flag leaves after flowering”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
At 40 mg Zn/kg soil, those enzyme activities declined depending on genotype.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 40 mg Zn/kg soile0
- Outcome
- activity of nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetasee1
- Direction
- declinee0
- Qualifier
- genotype-dependente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“40 mg Zn/kg soil caused a genotype-dependent decline in these activities”
e1“activity of nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase in flag leaves after flowering”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing Zn fertilization was associated with genotype-dependent higher grain protein content.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Zn fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- grain protein contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- genotype-dependente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an increase in Zn fertilization was associated with a genotype-dependent increase in grain protein content”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing Zn fertilization was associated with genotype-dependent increases in gliadins, glutenins, albumins and globulin concentrations in flour.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Zn fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- concentrations of gliadins, glutenins, albumins and globulin in floure0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- genotype-dependente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an increase in Zn fertilization was associated with a genotype-dependent increase in grain protein content and concentrations of gliadins, glutenins, albumins and globulin in flour”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
At 40 mg Zn/kg soil, the flour protein types decreased.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 40 mg Zn/kg soile0
- Outcome
- concentrations of gliadins, glutenins, albumins and globulin in floure1
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“followed by a decrease of all three protein types at 40 mg Zn/kg soil”
e1“concentrations of gliadins, glutenins, albumins and globulin in flour”
t0“winter wheat”
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