Paper · 1990 · HortScience

Size and Flowering of Seed-propagated Geraniums in Response to Fungicide Drenching Schedules

M.K. Hausbeck; C.T. Stephens; R.D. Heins

5
claims
10
verbatim quotes
3
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

Two fungicides registered for the control of Pythium spp. were evaluated for their effects on size and time to flowering of seed-propagated geraniums (Pelargonium × hortorum L.H. Bailey). Fungicide drenches of fenaminosulf and metalaxyl were applied to geraniums grown in soilless root medium: 1) at seeding (S); 2) at seeding and transplanting (ST); 3) at seeding, transplanting, and 1 week after transplanting (ST + 1); 4) at transplanting (T); and 5) 1 week after transplanting (T + 1). Metalaxyl drenching schedules did not significantly influence plant size or time to flowering. Fenaminosulf drenching schedules 3 and 4 significantly reduced plant size, and drenching schedule 3 significantly increased days to flowering in comparison to control plants. Although fenaminosulf is used infrequently because of limited availability, the detrimental effects of this fungicide on plant size and time to flowering warrant similar investigations with additional fungicides and crops. Chemical names used: sodium[4-(dimethylamino) phenyl]diazenesulfonate (fenaminosulf); N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl) -N-(methoxyacetyl) - dl -alanine methyl ester (metalaxyl).

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Claims 5

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Metalaxyl schedules did not significantly alter geranium size.

Taxon
geraniumsGeraniumt0
Treatment
Metalaxyl drenching schedulese0
Outcome
plant sizee0
Direction
did not significantly influencee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Geranium
Geranium · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Alvesgaspar · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Metalaxyl drenching schedules did not significantly influence plant size or time to flowering.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 490–584 · show in text ↑
t0

“Geraniums”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 38–47 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Metalaxyl schedules did not significantly alter time to flowering.

Taxon
geraniumsGeraniumt0
Treatment
Metalaxyl drenching schedulese0
Outcome
time to floweringe0
Direction
did not significantly influencee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Geranium
Geranium · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Alvesgaspar · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Metalaxyl drenching schedules did not significantly influence plant size or time to flowering.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 490–584 · show in text ↑
t0

“Geraniums”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 38–47 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Fenaminosulf schedules 3 and 4 significantly reduced plant size.

Taxon
geraniumsGeraniumt0
Treatment
Fenaminosulf drenching schedules 3 and 4e0
Outcome
plant sizee0
Direction
reducede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Geranium
Geranium · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Alvesgaspar · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Fenaminosulf drenching schedules 3 and 4 significantly reduced plant size”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 585–658 · show in text ↑
t0

“Geraniums”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 38–47 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Fenaminosulf schedule 3 significantly delayed flowering relative to controls.

Taxon
geraniumsGeraniumt0
Treatment
drenching schedule 3e0
Outcome
days to floweringe0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
control plantse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Geranium
Geranium · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Alvesgaspar · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“drenching schedule 3 significantly increased days to flowering in comparison to control plants.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 664–759 · show in text ↑
t0

“Geraniums”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 38–47 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors recommend testing additional fungicides and crops for detrimental effects.

Taxon
geraniumsGeraniumt0
Outcome
similar investigations with additional fungicides and cropse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Geranium
Geranium · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Alvesgaspar · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the detrimental effects of this fungicide on plant size and time to flowering warrant similar investigations with additional fungicides and crops.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 836–982 · show in text ↑
t0

“Geraniums”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 38–47 · show in text ↑

application · phenology · GeraniumPositive and negative results

5 papers: 2 positive, 3 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. no effect

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

application · growth · GeraniumPositive and negative results

13 papers: 9 positive, 4 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

9 papers more in this group

See all 13 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.