Abstract
The water deficiency of soil is a problem that affects good part of the areas cultivated in the world, over all, to those situated ones in the half-barren regions. The sugarcane is a culture in expansion in the Northeast of Brazil, where the limitation in the water availability for the plant affects the growth and the development of the plant, causing, excessively, social and economics damages. Thus, the present work had for purpose to evaluate, in comparative way, the response of four sugarcane varieties (SP79-1011, RB72454, RB98710 and RB92579) when submitted to water stress during the initial phase of vegetative growth, aiming to identify to morphophysiological characteristics and biochemists that may serve like markers, assisting, the genetics breedings programs of the culture in the crossing process and selection of new varieties. For this, the plants had been cultivated in greenhouse of the Academic Unit Center of Agrarian Sciences, Campus Delza Gitaí, of the UFAL, in Rio Largo, State of Alagoas. The study was a factorial (4 varieties x 3 levels of water based on field capacity [fc]), in completely randomized design with 5 replications. The levels of water in soil were defined like this: control (80 to 100% of fc), moderate stress (40 to 60% of fc) and severe stress (0 to 20% of fc). The analyzed variables had been: gaseous exchanges (stomatal conductance [gs], liquid photosynthesis [A] transpiration [E] and water use efficiency of the yield [WUEy]), fluorescence of chlorophyll a (Fv/Fm), leaf water potential (Ψw), photosynthetic pigments, organics solutes, number of tillers, diameter and height of stem, leaf area, final number of emitted leaf and production of biomass in all the parts of the plant. The data had been submitted to the analysis of variance and the averages compared between itself for the test of Tukey, with P < 0,05. The water deficiency provoked significant reductions in gs, E, A and in the WUEy, independent of the variety. Varieties SP79-1011 and RB98710 had presented greater stomatic sensitivity, reducing gs and E to the 71 days after beginning of stress of it, even under control. However, under such conditions the A was little affected, indicating that the plants are capable to keep the photosynthetic rate with stomata closed partially. The water stress provoked a little reduction in the potential photochemistry of the studied varieties. The RB72454 kept the base Ψw and midday more raised that most of varieties, independent of water condition, while the RB92579 presented the lesser values of Ψw under water stress conditions, indicating that the same one has ability of osmotic adjustment. The water deficiency reduced chlorophyll contents in all the varieties and it did not modify the carotenoids contents in varieties SP79-1011 and RB98710, providing to the same ones, bigger protection against the photo-oxidation. The water stress raised the levels of free proline in varieties SP79-1011, RB72454 and RB92579 and provoked reduction in the growth of the four sugarcane varieties, being that, the production of dry matter and the leaf had been more affected. The RB98710 presented increase in the relation root/shoot when submitted to severe water stress.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficiency significantly reduced gs, E and A in sugarcane regardless of variety.
- Taxon
- sugarcanee2
- Treatment
- water deficiencye1
- Outcome
- gs, E, Ae1
- Direction
- reductionse1
- Qualifier
- independent of the varietye1
- Setting
- greenhousee3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“The water deficiency provoked significant reductions in gs, E, A and in the WUEy, independent of the variety”
e2“The sugarcane is a culture in expansion in the Northeast of Brazil”
e3“the plants had been cultivated in greenhouse of the Academic Unit Center of Agrarian Sciences”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficiency significantly reduced water use efficiency of the yield (WUEy) in sugarcane regardless of variety.
- Taxon
- sugarcanee2
- Treatment
- water deficiencye1
- Outcome
- WUEye1
- Direction
- reductionse1
- Qualifier
- independent of the varietye1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“The water deficiency provoked significant reductions in gs, E, A and in the WUEy, independent of the variety”
e2“The sugarcane is a culture in expansion in the Northeast of Brazil”
Claim · model-written summary
SP79-1011 and RB98710 had greater stomatal sensitivity, reducing gs and E from 71 days after the start of stress, even under control.
Verbatim
e2“The sugarcane is a culture in expansion in the Northeast of Brazil”
e4“Varieties SP79-1011 and RB98710 had presented greater stomatic sensitivity, reducing gs and E to the 71 days after beginning of stress of it, even under control”
Claim · model-written summary
Under water deficiency photosynthesis (A) was little affected in these varieties, which kept the photosynthetic rate with stomata partly closed.
- Taxon
- sugarcanee2
- Treatment
- water deficiencye1
- Outcome
- the Ae5
- Direction
- little affectede5
- Qualifier
- with stomata closed partiallye5
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“The water deficiency provoked significant reductions in gs, E, A and in the WUEy, independent of the variety”
e2“The sugarcane is a culture in expansion in the Northeast of Brazil”
e5“However, under such conditions the A was little affected, indicating that the plants are capable to keep the photosynthetic rate with stomata closed partially”
Claim · model-written summary
Water stress caused a slight reduction in the potential photochemistry of the studied varieties.
- Taxon
- sugarcanee2
- Treatment
- water stresse6
- Outcome
- potential photochemistrye6
- Direction
- reductione6
- Qualifier
- a littlee6
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e2“The sugarcane is a culture in expansion in the Northeast of Brazil”
e6“The water stress provoked a little reduction in the potential photochemistry of the studied varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
RB92579 had the lowest leaf water potential (Ψw) under water stress, interpreted as an ability for osmotic adjustment.
- Taxon
- sugarcanee2
- Material
- RB92579e3
- Treatment
- water stress conditionse3
- Outcome
- values of Ψwe3
- Direction
- lessere3
- Qualifier
- ability of osmotic adjustmente3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e2“The sugarcane is a culture in expansion in the Northeast of Brazil”
e3“while the RB92579 presented the lesser values of Ψw under water stress conditions, indicating that the same one has ability of osmotic adjustment”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficiency reduced chlorophyll content in all the varieties.
- Taxon
- sugarcanee2
- Treatment
- water deficiencye3
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contentse3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Qualifier
- in all the varietiese3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e2“The sugarcane is a culture in expansion in the Northeast of Brazil”
e3“The water deficiency reduced chlorophyll contents in all the varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficiency did not modify carotenoid content in SP79-1011 and RB98710, which the authors read as bigger protection against photo-oxidation.
- Taxon
- sugarcanee2
- Material
- SP79-1011 and RB98710e4
- Treatment
- water deficiencye3
- Outcome
- carotenoids contentse4
- Direction
- did not modifye4
- Qualifier
- bigger protection against the photo-oxidatione4
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e2“The sugarcane is a culture in expansion in the Northeast of Brazil”
e3“The water deficiency reduced chlorophyll contents in all the varieties”
e4“it did not modify the carotenoids contents in varieties SP79-1011 and RB98710, providing to the same ones, bigger protection against the photo-oxidation”
Claim · model-written summary
Water stress raised free proline levels in SP79-1011, RB72454 and RB92579.
- Taxon
- sugarcanee2
- Material
- SP79-1011, RB72454 and RB92579e3
- Treatment
- water stresse3
- Outcome
- levels of free prolinee3
- Direction
- raisede3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e2“The sugarcane is a culture in expansion in the Northeast of Brazil”
e3“The water stress raised the levels of free proline in varieties SP79-1011, RB72454 and RB92579”
Claim · model-written summary
Water stress reduced growth of the four sugarcane varieties.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e3“The water stress raised the levels of free proline in varieties SP79-1011, RB72454 and RB92579”
e4“provoked reduction in the growth of the four sugarcane varieties, being that, the production of dry matter and the leaf had been more affected”
Claim · model-written summary
Under water stress, dry matter and leaf production were more affected than other growth variables.
- Taxon
- sugarcanee4
- Treatment
- water stresse3
- Outcome
- the production of dry matter and the leafe4
- Direction
- more affectede4
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e3“The water stress raised the levels of free proline in varieties SP79-1011, RB72454 and RB92579”
e4“provoked reduction in the growth of the four sugarcane varieties, being that, the production of dry matter and the leaf had been more affected”
Claim · model-written summary
RB98710 increased the root/shoot ratio under severe water stress.
- Taxon
- sugarcanee2
- Material
- RB98710e3
- Treatment
- severe water stresse3
- Outcome
- relation root/shoote3
- Direction
- increasee3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e2“The sugarcane is a culture in expansion in the Northeast of Brazil”
e3“The RB98710 presented increase in the relation root/shoot when submitted to severe water stress”
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