Abstract
Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth.) has been recognized as a good candidate for weed suppressive mulch in organic no-till cropping systems. In our study, the allelopathic potential of hairy vetch, fall rye (Secale cereale L.) and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (extracted species) were evaluated at both vegetative and reproductive developmental stages (extract stage) based on the germination and radicle elongation of five response species using aqueous extracts in soil microcosms. Our study found hairy vetch shoot extract to have little allelopathic potential compared to fall rye or winter wheat, both species for which the allelopathic potential is well documented. Interestingly, hairy vetch was the only extracted species to increase in allelopathic suppression of radicle elongation at the reproductive stage when plant biomass is near maximum. This result was conceivably due to the increased concentration of the putative allelochemical cyanamide in reproductive tissue. Chemical inhibition of radicle elongation in this extract, however, was only observed in the domesticated response species wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and canola (Brassica napus L.). The allelopathic effect on germination varied and depended on extracted species, extract stage, and response species; whereas the effect on radicle elongation was similar among extracted species, yet unique within response species. This research demonstrated that allelopathy studies should include multiple allelopathic and response species to accurately quantify the magnitude of chemical effects among allelopathic species and to rule out potential phytotoxic chemical defense/detoxification mechanisms that exist in some response species.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Hairy vetch shoot extract had little allelopathic potential compared with fall rye.
- Taxon
- hairy vetch
Vicia villosae0 - Treatment
- hairy vetch shoot extracte0
- Interactor
- fall ryee0other
- Outcome
- allelopathic potentiale0
- Direction
- littlee0
- Comparator
- fall ryee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hairy vetch shoot extract to have little allelopathic potential compared to fall rye or winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Hairy vetch shoot extract had little allelopathic potential compared with winter wheat.
- Taxon
- hairy vetchVicia villosae0
- Treatment
- hairy vetch shoot extracte0
- Interactor
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivume0other - Outcome
- allelopathic potentiale0
- Direction
- littlee0
- Comparator
- winter wheate0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hairy vetch shoot extract to have little allelopathic potential compared to fall rye or winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Hairy vetch extract suppression of radicle elongation increased at the reproductive stage.
- Taxon
- hairy vetchVicia villosae0
- Organ / stage
- reproductive stagee0
- Outcome
- allelopathic suppression of radicle elongatione0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hairy vetch was the only extracted species to increase in allelopathic suppression of radicle elongation at the reproductive stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher cyanamide concentration in reproductive tissue was proposed to explain greater suppression.
- Taxon
- hairy vetchVicia villosae1
- Organ / stage
- reproductive tissuee0
- Compound
- cyanamidee0
- Outcome
- allelopathic suppression of radicle elongatione1
- Qualifier
- conceivablye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This result was conceivably due to the increased concentration of the putative allelochemical cyanamide in reproductive tissue.”
e1“hairy vetch was the only extracted species to increase in allelopathic suppression of radicle elongation at the reproductive stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical inhibition of radicle elongation by the extract occurred in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)Triticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- hairy vetch shoot extracte1
- Interactor
- hairy vetchVicia villosae1other
- Outcome
- radicle elongatione0
- Direction
- inhibitione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chemical inhibition of radicle elongation in this extract, however, was only observed in the domesticated response species wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and canola (Brassica napus L.).”
e1“hairy vetch shoot extract”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical inhibition of radicle elongation by the extract occurred in canola.
- Taxon
- canola (Brassica napus L.)
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napuse0 - Treatment
- hairy vetch shoot extracte1
- Interactor
- hairy vetchVicia villosae1other
- Outcome
- radicle elongatione0
- Direction
- inhibitione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Chemical inhibition of radicle elongation in this extract, however, was only observed in the domesticated response species wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and canola (Brassica napus L.).”
e1“hairy vetch shoot extract”
Claim · model-written summary
The allelopathic effect on germination varied with extracted species, extract stage, and response species.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The allelopathic effect on germination varied and depended on extracted species, extract stage, and response species”
Claim · model-written summary
The radicle elongation effect was similar among extracted species but differed among response species.
Not reportedTaxonOrgan / stage
Verbatim
e0“the effect on radicle elongation was similar among extracted species, yet unique within response species”
Claim · model-written summary
Allelopathy studies should include multiple source and response species to quantify effects and check for species-specific defense or detoxification.
- Outcome
- include multiple allelopathic and response speciese0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“allelopathy studies should include multiple allelopathic and response species to accurately quantify the magnitude of chemical effects among allelopathic species and to rule out potential phytotoxic chemical defense/detoxification mechanisms that exist in some response species”
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See all 435 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.