Abstract
This paper presents the analysis of the most important biological characteristics of apples (vegetative growth, yield potential, fruit yield and fruit quality), comparing three apple cultivars (Idared, Golden Delicious - Clone B and Wellspur) with M.9 rootstock. The analysis is done with respect to the optimal nitrogen nutrition and the optimal planting density. In order to determine the optimal amount of the nitrogen fertilizer, we used different rates in our experiment (N0, N1=150 kgNha-1, N2=200 kgNha-1, N3=300 kgNha-1). The dynamics of the soil mineral nitrogen was followed during the 24 months period, in the given pedo-climatic conditions, and all the changes in fruits during that time were analyzed. We calculated the mineralization capacity of the meadow black soil under apple trees on the basis of the soil mineral nitrogen content, and the amount taken out through yield and biomass. Based on this data, we provided the recommendations concerning the nitrogen fertilization norms under the similar agro-ecological conditions. The optimal nitrogen fertilizer application rate results in the regular growth and the regular yield from year to year. Also, the size, the quality and health safety of fruits are maximized, while the environment is protected from the nitrate leaching. The choice of the optimal planting density leads to the better utilization of the cultivar's genetic potential, climatic and soil potential, as well as human resources. It also ensures a long-term, continued production of a high quality yield, respecting all the natural potentials.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Optimal nitrogen application produces regular annual apple growth and yield.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- optimal nitrogen fertilizer application ratee0
- Outcome
- regular growth and the regular yielde0
- Direction
- regulare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The optimal nitrogen fertilizer application rate results in the regular growth and the regular yield from year to year.”
t0“apple production”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimal nitrogen application maximizes apple fruit size, quality and health safety.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen fertilizer application ratet0
- Outcome
- size, the quality and health safety of fruitse0
- Direction
- maximizede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the size, the quality and health safety of fruits are maximized”
t0“nitrogen fertilizer application rate in apple production”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimal nitrogen application protects against nitrate leaching.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen fertilizer application ratet0
- Outcome
- nitrate leachinge0
- Direction
- protectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while the environment is protected from the nitrate leaching”
t0“nitrogen fertilizer application rate in apple production”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimal planting density improves utilization of genetic, climatic, soil and human resources.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae2
- Treatment
- optimal planting densitye0
- Outcome
- better utilization of the cultivar's genetic potential, climatic and soil potential, as well as human resourcese0
- Direction
- bettere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The choice of the optimal planting density leads to the better utilization of the cultivar's genetic potential, climatic and soil potential, as well as human resources.”
e2“characteristics of apples (vegetative growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimal planting density ensures long-term high-quality apple production.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae2
- Treatment
- optimal planting densitye1
- Outcome
- long-term, continued production of a high quality yielde0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It also ensures a long-term, continued production of a high quality yield”
e1“The choice of the optimal planting density leads to the better utilization of the cultivar's genetic potential, climatic and soil potential, as well as human resources.”
e2“characteristics of apples (vegetative growth”
The same questions in other papers
density · quality: general · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
fertilization · quality: general · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
21 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
23 papers more in this group
See all 27 papers →fertilization · nutrient: content · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
85 papers in the same direction as this paper · 29 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
113 papers more in this group
See all 117 papers →fertilization · yield · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
149 papers in the same direction as this paper · 26 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
174 papers more in this group
See all 178 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.