Abstract
The predatory mite Amblyseius cucumeris (Oudemans) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) was studied in the laboratory and in the field in order to evaluate its potential as a biocontrol agent against the citrus red mite Panonychus citri (McGregor), a pest of citrus in Fujian Province, China. When fed P. citrus females and eggs, A. cucumeris completed its development from the egg to adult in about a week at 24-28°C. Females fed on prey eggs more than on other stages and produced 2-3 eggs per day, with a maximum of 4. The number of P. citri females consumed by A. cucumeris females per day, and the number of eggs produced by these females increased significantly with the number of prey females per leaf. However, when there were fewer than 5 prey females per leaf, the searching efficiency of the predators was so low that most (86%) did not lay any eggs. A positive linear relationship was found between the number of prey consumed and the number of eggs produced. When a fixed number of prey (30 females) was available, the predator population increased faster and reduced prey populations faster when predator:prey ratio increased from 1:30 to 9:30. Releases of predators onto potted citrus seedlings showed that predator females released at predator:prey ratios as low as 1:54-58 provided control of the citrus mite in five weeks. Field trials showed that a single preventive release of A. cucumeris using a controlled release system provided adequate control of citrus red mite and also significantly reduced the rate of black fruits. Biological control cost 1/3 less than conventional chemical control.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Amblyseius cucumeris completed development from egg to adult in about a week at 24-28°C when fed Panonychus citri on citrus.
- Interactor
- P. citruse1pest
- Second interactor
- A. cucumeris
Neoseiulus cucumerise1biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- development from the egg to adulte1
- Value
- about a weeke1
- Qualifier
- at 24-28°Ce1
CitrusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a pest of citrus in Fujian Province, China”
e1“When fed P. citrus females and eggs, A. cucumeris completed its development from the egg to adult in about a week at 24-28°C”
Claim · model-written summary
Females of A. cucumeris fed on prey eggs more than on other prey stages.
- Treatment
- prey eggse2
- Outcome
- fed on prey eggs more than on other stagese2
- Direction
- moree2
- Comparator
- other stagese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a pest of citrus in Fujian Province, China”
e2“Females fed on prey eggs more than on other stages”
Claim · model-written summary
Females of A. cucumeris produced 2-3 eggs per day, with a maximum of 4.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a pest of citrus in Fujian Province, China”
e3“produced 2-3 eggs per day, with a maximum of 4”
Claim · model-written summary
The number of Panonychus citri females consumed by A. cucumeris increased significantly with the number of prey females per leaf.
- Treatment
- number of prey females per leafe4
- Interactor
- P. citriPanonychus citrie4pest
- Second interactor
- A. cucumerisNeoseiulus cucumerise4biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- number of P. citri females consumede4
- Direction
- increasede4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a pest of citrus in Fujian Province, China”
e4“The number of P. citri females consumed by A. cucumeris females per day, and the number of eggs produced by these females increased significantly with the number of prey females per leaf”
Claim · model-written summary
The number of eggs produced by A. cucumeris females increased significantly with the number of prey females per leaf.
- Treatment
- number of prey females per leafe4
- Interactor
- P. citriPanonychus citrie4pest
- Second interactor
- A. cucumerisNeoseiulus cucumerise4biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- the number of eggs produced by these femalese4
- Direction
- increasede4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a pest of citrus in Fujian Province, China”
e4“The number of P. citri females consumed by A. cucumeris females per day, and the number of eggs produced by these females increased significantly with the number of prey females per leaf”
Claim · model-written summary
The number of eggs produced showed a positive linear relationship with the number of prey consumed.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a pest of citrus in Fujian Province, China”
e5“A positive linear relationship was found between the number of prey consumed and the number of eggs produced”
Claim · model-written summary
When fewer than 5 prey females were present per leaf, most (86%) A. cucumeris females did not lay any eggs.
- Outcome
- did not lay any eggse6
- Value
- 86%e6
- Qualifier
- when there were fewer than 5 prey females per leafe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a pest of citrus in Fujian Province, China”
e6“when there were fewer than 5 prey females per leaf, the searching efficiency of the predators was so low that most (86%) did not lay any eggs”
Claim · model-written summary
With 30 prey females available, raising the predator:prey ratio from 1:30 to 9:30 made the predator population increase faster.
- Treatment
- predator:prey ratio increased from 1:30 to 9:30e7
- Outcome
- predator populatione7
- Direction
- increased fastere7
- Qualifier
- fixed number of prey (30 females)e7
- Comparator
- 1:30e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a pest of citrus in Fujian Province, China”
e7“When a fixed number of prey (30 females) was available, the predator population increased faster and reduced prey populations faster when predator:prey ratio increased from 1:30 to 9:30”
Claim · model-written summary
With 30 prey females available, raising the predator:prey ratio from 1:30 to 9:30 made prey populations decrease faster.
- Treatment
- predator:prey ratio increased from 1:30 to 9:30e7
- Outcome
- prey populationse7
- Direction
- reducede7
- Qualifier
- fixed number of prey (30 females)e7
- Comparator
- 1:30e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a pest of citrus in Fujian Province, China”
e7“When a fixed number of prey (30 females) was available, the predator population increased faster and reduced prey populations faster when predator:prey ratio increased from 1:30 to 9:30”
Claim · model-written summary
Releases of predator females at predator:prey ratios as low as 1:54-58 provided control of the citrus mite within five weeks on potted citrus seedlings.
- Treatment
- predator females released at predator:prey ratios as low as 1:54-58e1
- Interactor
- citrus mitee1pest
- Outcome
- control of the citrus mitee1
- Qualifier
- in five weekse1
- Setting
- potted citrus seedlingse1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a pest of citrus in Fujian Province, China”
e1“Releases of predators onto potted citrus seedlings showed that predator females released at predator:prey ratios as low as 1:54-58 provided control of the citrus mite in five weeks”
Claim · model-written summary
A single preventive release of A. cucumeris with a controlled release system gave adequate control of citrus red mite in field trials.
- Treatment
- single preventive release of A. cucumeris using a controlled release systeme1
- Interactor
- citrus red mitePanonychus citrie1pest
- Outcome
- control of citrus red mitee1
- Qualifier
- adequatee1
- Setting
- Field trialse1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a pest of citrus in Fujian Province, China”
e1“Field trials showed that a single preventive release of A. cucumeris using a controlled release system provided adequate control of citrus red mite and also significantly reduced the rate of black fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
A single preventive release of A. cucumeris in field trials significantly reduced the rate of black fruits on citrus.
- Treatment
- single preventive release of A. cucumeris using a controlled release systeme1
- Outcome
- rate of black fruitse1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Setting
- Field trialse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a pest of citrus in Fujian Province, China”
e1“Field trials showed that a single preventive release of A. cucumeris using a controlled release system provided adequate control of citrus red mite and also significantly reduced the rate of black fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Biological control with A. cucumeris cost one-third less than conventional chemical control.
- Treatment
- Biological controle1
- Outcome
- coste1
- Direction
- lesse1
- Value
- 1/3e1
- Comparator
- conventional chemical controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a pest of citrus in Fujian Province, China”
e1“Biological control cost 1/3 less than conventional chemical control”
The same questions in other papers
biocontrol · pest · CitrusPositive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
biocontrol · control · CitrusResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
biocontrol · yield · CitrusResults agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.