Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during the rainy (kharif) season of 2010 and 2011 at Ludhiana, Punjab to study the effect of intercrops and different levels of recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN). Applied to intercrops on growth, yield and quality of hybrid Bt cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). The main plot treatments comprised Bt cotton intercropped with fodder maize (Zea mays L., Saccharata), fodder cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.], summer mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek], pearlmillet fodder [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. emend. Stuntz] and long melon [Cucumis melo L. var. utilissiumus Duth. & Full.] and subplot treatments consisted of 5 levels (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) of recommended dose of nitrogen applied to intercrops on area basis. The maximum seed- cotton equivalent yield recorded under Bt cotton + fodder maize intercropping system (2.61 t/ha) was 10.6, 17.6, 27.3 and 39.6% higher than Bt cotton + fodder cowpea, Bt cotton + summer mungbean, Bt cotton + long melon and Bt cotton + fodder pearlmillet, respectively. The maximum net returns of 49,085 and benefit: cost ratio 2.33 obtained from Bt cotton + fodder maize intercropping system were statistically at par that obtained with Bt cotton + fodder cowpea ( 41,545 and benefit: cost ratio 2.12) but significantly higher than all the other intercropping sys- tems. The application of 50% recommended dose of nitrogen to intercrops resulted in 7.0 and 12.4% increase in seed-cotton and seed-cotton equivalent yield as compared to no fertilizer application to intercrops. In all the inter- cropping systems except Bt cotton + long melon, application of full dose of nitrogen to Bt cotton and 50% of the RDN to intercrops proved beneficial for getting higher seed-cotton equivalent yield and economic returns.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Bt cotton with fodder maize yielded 10.6% more seed-cotton equivalent than Bt cotton with fodder cowpea.
Verbatim
e1“The maximum seed- cotton equivalent yield recorded under Bt cotton + fodder maize intercropping system (2.61 t/ha) was 10.6, 17.6, 27.3 and 39.6% higher than Bt cotton + fodder cowpea, Bt cotton + summer mungbean, Bt cotton + long melon and Bt cotton + fodder pearlmillet, respectively”
t0“Bt cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Bt cotton with fodder maize yielded 17.6% more seed-cotton equivalent than Bt cotton with summer mungbean.
Verbatim
e1“The maximum seed- cotton equivalent yield recorded under Bt cotton + fodder maize intercropping system (2.61 t/ha) was 10.6, 17.6, 27.3 and 39.6% higher than Bt cotton + fodder cowpea, Bt cotton + summer mungbean, Bt cotton + long melon and Bt cotton + fodder pearlmillet, respectively”
t0“Bt cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Bt cotton with fodder maize yielded 27.3% more seed-cotton equivalent than Bt cotton with long melon.
Verbatim
e1“The maximum seed- cotton equivalent yield recorded under Bt cotton + fodder maize intercropping system (2.61 t/ha) was 10.6, 17.6, 27.3 and 39.6% higher than Bt cotton + fodder cowpea, Bt cotton + summer mungbean, Bt cotton + long melon and Bt cotton + fodder pearlmillet, respectively”
t0“Bt cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Bt cotton with fodder maize yielded 39.6% more seed-cotton equivalent than Bt cotton with fodder pearlmillet.
Verbatim
e1“The maximum seed- cotton equivalent yield recorded under Bt cotton + fodder maize intercropping system (2.61 t/ha) was 10.6, 17.6, 27.3 and 39.6% higher than Bt cotton + fodder cowpea, Bt cotton + summer mungbean, Bt cotton + long melon and Bt cotton + fodder pearlmillet, respectively”
t0“Bt cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum seed-cotton equivalent yield under Bt cotton with fodder maize intercropping was 2.61 t/ha.
Verbatim
e1“The maximum seed- cotton equivalent yield recorded under Bt cotton + fodder maize intercropping system (2.61 t/ha) was 10.6, 17.6, 27.3 and 39.6% higher than Bt cotton + fodder cowpea, Bt cotton + summer mungbean, Bt cotton + long melon and Bt cotton + fodder pearlmillet, respectively”
t0“Bt cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Bt cotton with fodder maize gave the highest net returns, 49,085, significantly above all other intercropping systems.
Verbatim
e2“The maximum net returns of 49,085 and benefit: cost ratio 2.33 obtained from Bt cotton + fodder maize intercropping system were statistically at par that obtained with Bt cotton + fodder cowpea ( 41,545 and benefit: cost ratio 2.12) but significantly higher than all the other intercropping sys- tems”
t0“Bt cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Bt cotton with fodder maize gave a benefit-cost ratio of 2.33, significantly above all other intercropping systems.
Verbatim
e2“The maximum net returns of 49,085 and benefit: cost ratio 2.33 obtained from Bt cotton + fodder maize intercropping system were statistically at par that obtained with Bt cotton + fodder cowpea ( 41,545 and benefit: cost ratio 2.12) but significantly higher than all the other intercropping sys- tems”
t0“Bt cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Net returns under Bt cotton with fodder maize were statistically at par with Bt cotton with fodder cowpea (41,545).
Verbatim
e2“The maximum net returns of 49,085 and benefit: cost ratio 2.33 obtained from Bt cotton + fodder maize intercropping system were statistically at par that obtained with Bt cotton + fodder cowpea ( 41,545 and benefit: cost ratio 2.12) but significantly higher than all the other intercropping sys- tems”
t0“Bt cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying 50% of the recommended nitrogen dose to intercrops increased seed-cotton yield by 7.0% over no fertilizer.
Verbatim
e3“The application of 50% recommended dose of nitrogen to intercrops resulted in 7.0 and 12.4% increase in seed-cotton and seed-cotton equivalent yield as compared to no fertilizer application to intercrops”
t0“Bt cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying 50% of the recommended nitrogen dose to intercrops increased seed-cotton equivalent yield by 12.4% over no fertilizer.
Verbatim
e3“The application of 50% recommended dose of nitrogen to intercrops resulted in 7.0 and 12.4% increase in seed-cotton and seed-cotton equivalent yield as compared to no fertilizer application to intercrops”
t0“Bt cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Full nitrogen dose to Bt cotton plus 50% of the recommended dose to intercrops gave higher seed-cotton equivalent yield and economic returns in all systems except Bt cotton with long melon.
- Taxon
- Bt cottont0
- Treatment
- application of full dose of nitrogen to Bt cotton and 50% of the RDN to intercropse4
- Outcome
- seed-cotton equivalent yield and economic returnse4
- Direction
- highere4
- Qualifier
- except Bt cotton + long melone4
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e4“In all the inter- cropping systems except Bt cotton + long melon, application of full dose of nitrogen to Bt cotton and 50% of the RDN to intercrops proved beneficial for getting higher seed-cotton equivalent yield and economic returns”
t0“Bt cotton”
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