Paper · 2007

Green manure incorporation timing for organically grown broccoli

P. H. Rolfs

6
claims
11
verbatim quotes
0
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

The objective of this work was to determine the effect of incorporation timing of the velvet bean (Stizolobium cinereum) (GM) on both organic broccoli yield and N status. Mineral N content in the soil, biologically fixed N recovery by broccoli, GM biomass decomposition and N release kinetics were also determined. Plots were fertilized with 12 Mg ha -1 of organic compost and received GM either at 0, 15, 30 or 45 days after transplant. Other treatments were compost (12 or 25 Mg ha -1 ), GM, mineral fertilizers and control (no fertilizer). The data were collected in four completely randomized blocks. GM decomposition increased mineral N content in soil as rapidly as mineral fertilizer or the supply of 25 Mg ha -1 of compost. The N half-life in GM (24 days) is smaller than the mass half-life (35 days) and the biological fixation contributed with 23.6% of N present in the aboveground biomass of broccoli. The result suggests a higher synchrony between the crop relative growth rate and N release from the GM when incorporated at crop early growth stage. The incorporation of GM until 15 days after transplanting replaces 50% of the highest compost dose, without yield loss.

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Claims 6

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Green manure decomposition increased soil mineral nitrogen as rapidly as mineral fertilizer or 25 Mg ha -1 compost.

Treatment
GM decompositione0
Outcome
mineral N content in soile0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
mineral fertilizer or the supply of 25 Mg ha -1 of composte0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Brassica oleracea var. italica
Brassica oleracea var. italica · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“broccoli”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–64 · show in text ↑
e0

“GM decomposition increased mineral N content in soil as rapidly as mineral fertilizer or the supply of 25 Mg ha -1 of compost.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 605–731 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The nitrogen half-life in green manure was 24 days.

Outcome
N half-life in GMe0
Direction
smallere0
Value
24 dayse0
Comparator
mass half-lifee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Brassica oleracea var. italica
Brassica oleracea var. italica · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“broccoli”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–64 · show in text ↑
e0

“The N half-life in GM (24 days) is smaller than the mass half-life (35 days)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 732–808 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The mass half-life in green manure was 35 days.

Outcome
mass half-lifee0
Value
35 dayse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Brassica oleracea var. italica
Brassica oleracea var. italica · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“broccoli”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–64 · show in text ↑
e0

“The N half-life in GM (24 days) is smaller than the mass half-life (35 days)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 732–808 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Biological fixation contributed 23.6% of nitrogen in broccoli aboveground biomass.

Outcome
N present in the aboveground biomass of broccolie0
Value
23.6%e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Brassica oleracea var. italica
Brassica oleracea var. italica · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the biological fixation contributed with 23.6% of N present in the aboveground biomass of broccoli”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 813–911 · show in text ↑
Associationauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The authors infer higher synchrony between crop relative growth and nitrogen release when green manure is incorporated early.

Treatment
GM when incorporated at crop early growth stagee0
Outcome
synchrony between the crop relative growth rate and N releasee0
Direction
highere0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Brassica oleracea var. italica
Brassica oleracea var. italica · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“broccoli”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–64 · show in text ↑
e0

“higher synchrony between the crop relative growth rate and N release from the GM when incorporated at crop early growth stage”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 935–1060 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectauthor interpretationoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Incorporating green manure by 15 days after transplanting replaced half the highest compost dose without yield loss.

Treatment
incorporation of GM until 15 days after transplantinge0
Outcome
yielde0
Direction
without yield losse0
Value
50%e0
Comparator
highest compost dosee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Brassica oleracea var. italica
Brassica oleracea var. italica · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“broccoli”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–64 · show in text ↑
e0

“The incorporation of GM until 15 days after transplanting replaces 50% of the highest compost dose, without yield loss.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1062–1181 · show in text ↑

transgenic · yield · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Positive and negative results

10 papers: 8 positive, 2 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 8 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

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transplanting · yield · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Positive and negative results

50 papers: 40 positive, 10 negative or no effect

9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 40 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

46 papers more in this group

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transgenic · nutrient: content · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Results agree

4 papers: 4 positive, 0 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.