Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during 2001 -02 and 2002-03 at Rajahmundry in Andhra Pradesh with six treatments during rainy (kharif) season, viz. blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper], rice (Oryza sativa L.), soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], maize (Zea mays L.), green-leaf manuring with pillipesara [Vigna trilobata (L.) Verdc.] and fallow; and three N levels of 30, 45 and 60 kg Nlha, applied to FCV tobacco in winter (rabi) season. Short-duration maize and rice could successfully be grown before rabi tobacco, taking advantage of south-west monsoon rains. Among the cropping systems, green-leaf manuring-tobacco recorded significantly higher cured leaf (1.92 tlha), bright leaf (0.88 tlha) and grade index (1.39) of tobacco followed by fallow - tobacco, whereas lowest values of these yields were recorded in soybean-tobacco. Application of 60 kg Nlha offered significantly higher cured-leaf yield and grade index, and was comparable with that of 45 kg Nlha in respect of bright-leaf yield. Interaction effects of cropping systems and N levels revealed that FCV tobacco preceded by maize, blackgram, rice and soybean re- sponded up to 45 kg Nlha, whereas tobacco preceded by green leaf manuring and fallow responded up to 60 kg Nlha in the production of bright leaf. Maize - tobacco system recorded higher tobacco leaf-equivalent yield (2.25 tl ha). The chemical quality parameters of leaf like reducing sugars, nicotine and chlorides were within the accept- able range. Maize - tobacco and green leaf manuring - tobacco systems recorded higher net returns, whereas benefit : cost ratio was higher with green leaf manuring-tobacco and fallow-tobacco. Minimum broomrape (Orobanche cernua Loefl] infestation of 1.75% was recorded in FCV tobacco succeeding maize. It was concluded that maize - tobacoo accrued higher monetary returns, followed by green leaf manuring-tobacco system compared with fallow - tobacco.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Green-leaf manuring before tobacco gave significantly higher cured leaf yield (1.92 t/ha) than fallow-tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume1 - Treatment
- green-leaf manuringe1
- Outcome
- cured leafe1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 1.92 tlhae1
- Comparator
- fallow - tobaccoe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“green-leaf manuring-tobacco recorded significantly higher cured leaf (1.92 tlha), bright leaf (0.88 tlha) and grade index (1.39) of tobacco followed by fallow - tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Green-leaf manuring before tobacco gave significantly higher bright leaf yield (0.88 t/ha) than fallow-tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- green-leaf manuringe1
- Outcome
- bright leafe1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 0.88 tlhae1
- Comparator
- fallow - tobaccoe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“green-leaf manuring-tobacco recorded significantly higher cured leaf (1.92 tlha), bright leaf (0.88 tlha) and grade index (1.39) of tobacco followed by fallow - tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Green-leaf manuring before tobacco gave significantly higher grade index (1.39) than fallow-tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- green-leaf manuringe1
- Outcome
- grade indexe1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 1.39e1
- Comparator
- fallow - tobaccoe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“green-leaf manuring-tobacco recorded significantly higher cured leaf (1.92 tlha), bright leaf (0.88 tlha) and grade index (1.39) of tobacco followed by fallow - tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Tobacco after soybean had the lowest yield values among the preceding crops.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume2
- Treatment
- soybeane2
- Outcome
- values of these yieldse2
- Direction
- loweste2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“whereas lowest values of these yields were recorded in soybean-tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying 60 kg N/ha significantly increased cured-leaf yield and grade index of FCV tobacco.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e3“Application of 60 kg Nlha offered significantly higher cured-leaf yield and grade index”
e4“applied to FCV tobacco in winter (rabi) season”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying 60 kg N/ha gave bright-leaf yield of FCV tobacco comparable with 45 kg N/ha.
Verbatim
e3“Application of 60 kg Nlha offered significantly higher cured-leaf yield and grade index”
e4“applied to FCV tobacco in winter (rabi) season”
e5“was comparable with that of 45 kg Nlha in respect of bright-leaf yield”
Claim · model-written summary
FCV tobacco preceded by maize, blackgram, rice and soybean responded to N up to 45 kg/ha in bright leaf production.
- Taxon
- FCV tobaccoe6
- Treatment
- preceded by maize, blackgram, rice and soybeane6
- Outcome
- production of bright leafe6
- Direction
- increaseinferrede6
- Qualifier
- up to 45 kg Nlhae6
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e6“FCV tobacco preceded by maize, blackgram, rice and soybean re- sponded up to 45 kg Nlha, whereas tobacco preceded by green leaf manuring and fallow responded up to 60 kg Nlha in the production of bright leaf”
Claim · model-written summary
Tobacco preceded by green leaf manuring and fallow responded to N up to 60 kg/ha in bright leaf production.
- Taxon
- FCV tobaccoe6
- Treatment
- preceded by green leaf manuring and fallowe6
- Outcome
- production of bright leafe6
- Direction
- increaseinferrede6
- Qualifier
- up to 60 kg Nlhae6
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e6“FCV tobacco preceded by maize, blackgram, rice and soybean re- sponded up to 45 kg Nlha, whereas tobacco preceded by green leaf manuring and fallow responded up to 60 kg Nlha in the production of bright leaf”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize - tobacco system recorded higher tobacco leaf-equivalent yield (2.25 t/ha).
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume7
- Treatment
- Maize - tobaccoe7
- Outcome
- tobacco leaf-equivalent yielde7
- Direction
- highere7
- Value
- 2.25 tl hae7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Maize - tobacco system recorded higher tobacco leaf-equivalent yield (2.25 tl ha)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical quality parameters of FCV tobacco leaf (reducing sugars, nicotine and chlorides) were within the acceptable range.
Verbatim
e4“applied to FCV tobacco in winter (rabi) season”
e5“The chemical quality parameters of leaf like reducing sugars, nicotine and chlorides were within the accept- able range”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize - tobacco system gave higher net returns than the other systems.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume6
- Treatment
- Maize - tobaccoe6
- Outcome
- net returnse6
- Direction
- highere6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Maize - tobacco and green leaf manuring-tobacco systems recorded higher net returns”
Claim · model-written summary
Green leaf manuring-tobacco system gave higher net returns than the other systems.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume6
- Treatment
- green leaf manuringe6
- Outcome
- net returnse6
- Direction
- highere6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Maize - tobacco and green leaf manuring-tobacco systems recorded higher net returns”
Claim · model-written summary
Benefit : cost ratio was higher with green leaf manuring-tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume7
- Treatment
- green leaf manuringe7
- Outcome
- benefit : cost ratioe7
- Direction
- highere7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“whereas benefit : cost ratio was higher with green leaf manuring-tobacco and fallow-tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Benefit : cost ratio was higher with fallow-tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume7
- Treatment
- fallowe7
- Outcome
- benefit : cost ratioe7
- Direction
- highere7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“whereas benefit : cost ratio was higher with green leaf manuring-tobacco and fallow-tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Tobacco succeeding maize had the minimum broomrape (Orobanche cernua) infestation of 1.75%.
- Taxon
- FCV tobaccoe0
- Treatment
- succeeding maizee0
- Interactor
- Orobanche cernua
Orobanche cernuae0parasite - Outcome
- broomrape (Orobanche cernua Loefl] infestatione0
- Direction
- Minimume0
- Value
- 1.75%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Minimum broomrape (Orobanche cernua Loefl] infestation of 1.75% was recorded in FCV tobacco succeeding maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Short-duration maize and rice could successfully be grown before rabi tobacco.
- Taxon
- maize and rice
Oryza sativa
Zea mayse1 - Outcome
- could successfully be growne1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Short-duration maize and rice could successfully be grown before rabi tobacco”
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