Abstract
Bioactive gibberellins (GAs) are key endogenous regulators of plant growth. Previous work identified ELONGATED UPPERMOST INTERNODE1 (EUI1) as a GA-deactivating enzyme that plays an important role in panicle exsertion from the flag leaf sheath in rice (Oryza sativa). However, the mechanism that regulates EUI1 activity during development is still largely unexplored. In this study, we identified the dominant panicle enclosure mutant regulator of eui1 (ree1-D), whose phenotype is caused by the activation of the homeodomain-leucine zipper transcription factor HOX12. Diminished HOX12 expression by RNA interference enhanced panicle exsertion, mimicking the eui1 phenotype. HOX12 knockdown plants contain higher levels of the major biologically active GAs (such as GA1 and GA4) than the wild type. The expression of EUI1 is elevated in the ree1-D mutant but reduced in HOX12 knockdown plants. Interestingly, both HOX12 and EUI1 are predominantly expressed in panicles, where GA4 is highly accumulated. Yeast one-hybrid, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses showed that HOX12 physically interacts with the EUI1 promoter both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, plants overexpressing HOX12 in the eui1 mutant background retained the elongated uppermost internode phenotype. These results indicate that HOX12 acts directly through EUI1 to regulate panicle exsertion in rice.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Activation of HOX12 caused the ree1-D panicle enclosure phenotype.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Material
- ree1-De1
- Gene
- HOX12e0
- Outcome
- phenotypee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phenotype is caused by the activation of the homeodomain-leucine zipper transcription factor HOX12”
t0“Rice HOX12 Regulates Panicle Exsertion”
e1“dominant panicle enclosure mutant regulator of eui1 (ree1-D)”
Claim · model-written summary
HOX12 RNA interference enhanced panicle exsertion.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- RNA interferencee0
- Gene
- HOX12e0
- Outcome
- panicle exsertione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Diminished HOX12 expression by RNA interference enhanced panicle exsertion”
t0“Rice HOX12 Regulates Panicle Exsertion”
Claim · model-written summary
HOX12 knockdown raised biologically active GA levels relative to wild type.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- HOX12 knockdowne0
- Gene
- HOX12e0
- Outcome
- levels of the major biologically active GAse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- wild typee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“HOX12 knockdown plants contain higher levels of the major biologically active GAs (such as GA1 and GA4) than the wild type”
t0“Rice HOX12 Regulates Panicle Exsertion”
Claim · model-written summary
EUI1 expression rose in ree1-D rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- ree1-D mutante0
- Gene
- EUI1e0
- Outcome
- expression of EUI1e0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The expression of EUI1 is elevated in the ree1-D mutant”
t0“Rice HOX12 Regulates Panicle Exsertion”
Claim · model-written summary
EUI1 expression fell in HOX12 knockdown rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- HOX12 knockdowne0
- Gene
- HOX12e0
- Outcome
- expression of EUI1e1
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced in HOX12 knockdown plants”
t0“Rice HOX12 Regulates Panicle Exsertion by Directly Modulating the Expression of ELONGATED UPPERMOST INTERNODE1”
e1“The expression of EUI1 is elevated in the ree1-D mutant but reduced in HOX12 knockdown plants”
Claim · model-written summary
HOX12 and EUI1 expression was concentrated in panicles.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- paniclese0
- Gene
- HOX12 and EUI1e0
- Outcome
- predominantly expressed in paniclese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both HOX12 and EUI1 are predominantly expressed in panicles”
t0“Rice HOX12 Regulates Panicle Exsertion”
Claim · model-written summary
GA4 accumulated highly in panicles.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- paniclese1
- Outcome
- GA4 is highly accumulatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GA4 is highly accumulated”
t0“Rice HOX12 Regulates Panicle Exsertion”
e1“both HOX12 and EUI1 are predominantly expressed in panicles, where GA4 is highly accumulated”
Claim · model-written summary
HOX12 bound the EUI1 promoter in vitro and in vivo.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Gene
- HOX12e0
- Outcome
- physically interacts with the EUI1 promotere0
- Setting
- in vitro and in vivoe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“HOX12 physically interacts with the EUI1 promoter both in vitro and in vivo”
t0“Rice HOX12 Regulates Panicle Exsertion”
Claim · model-written summary
HOX12 overexpression in eui1 retained the elongated uppermost internode phenotype.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- eui1 mutante0
- Treatment
- overexpressing HOX12e0
- Gene
- HOX12e0
- Outcome
- retained the elongated uppermost internode phenotypee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants overexpressing HOX12 in the eui1 mutant background retained the elongated uppermost internode phenotype”
t0“Rice HOX12 Regulates Panicle Exsertion”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude HOX12 directly regulates panicle exsertion through EUI1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Gene
- HOX12e0
- Outcome
- regulate panicle exsertione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“HOX12 acts directly through EUI1 to regulate panicle exsertion in rice”
The same questions in other papers
loss of function · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
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- positive
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