Abstract
Increased salinity is a severe problem to crop production while pre-sowing seed treatments can effectively induce salt tolerance in plants. The effect of different pre-sowing seed treatments (hydropriming, halopriming (50 mM CaCl2.2H2O), ascorbate priming (50 mg L -1 ) and pre-sowing chilling treatment (-19 o C) on seed germination, vigor, antioxidants and total soluble protein content was investigated in two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars Auqab-2000 (salt tolerant) and MH97 (salt sensitive) under saline (15 dS m -1 ) or non-saline (4 dS m -1 ) conditions. Of all the seed pretreatments, halopriming followed by hydropriming was the most effective in alleviating the adverse effect of salinity by improving germination and seedling growth of both cultivars. In addition, the effect of ascorbate priming was more pronounced in salt tolerant cultivar as revealed from curtailed mean germination time, improved seedling vigor and enhanced ascorbate contents and catalase (CAT) activity. Salinity significantly increased leaf protein content in both cultivars but the magnitude of increase in protein content was higher in Auqab-2000 as compared to that in MH-97. All pre-sowing seed treatments significantly enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in MH-97 while priming with CaCl2.2H2O and ascorbate were very effective in Auqab2000 during stress conditions. The salt-tolerant cultivar Auqab-2000 had a better protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS) as shown by increased SOD amd CAT activities under salt stress. In conclusion, halopriming and hydropriming successfully improved the seed performance in both cultivars whereas priming with ascorbate was only effective in salt tolerant cultivar under saline conditions. This benefit was attributed to early and synchronized germination, vigorous stand establishment, and decreased oxidative damage due to enhanced antioxidant system.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Halopriming followed by hydropriming was the most effective pre-sowing treatment for improving germination and seedling growth of both wheat cultivars under salinity.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- halopriming followed by hydropriminge1
- Outcome
- germination and seedling growthe1
- Direction
- improvinge1
- Comparator
- all the seed pretreatmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars Auqab-2000 (salt tolerant) and MH97 (salt sensitive) under saline (15 dS m -1 ) or non-saline (4 dS m -1 ) conditions”
e1“Of all the seed pretreatments, halopriming followed by hydropriming was the most effective in alleviating the adverse effect of salinity by improving germination and seedling growth of both cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbate priming was more pronounced in the salt-tolerant cultivar and curtailed mean germination time.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- salt tolerant cultivare2
- Treatment
- ascorbate priminge2
- Outcome
- mean germination timee2
- Direction
- curtailede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars Auqab-2000 (salt tolerant) and MH97 (salt sensitive) under saline (15 dS m -1 ) or non-saline (4 dS m -1 ) conditions”
e2“the effect of ascorbate priming was more pronounced in salt tolerant cultivar as revealed from curtailed mean germination time”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbate priming improved seedling vigor in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- ascorbate priminge2
- Outcome
- seedling vigore3
- Direction
- improvede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars Auqab-2000 (salt tolerant) and MH97 (salt sensitive) under saline (15 dS m -1 ) or non-saline (4 dS m -1 ) conditions”
e2“the effect of ascorbate priming was more pronounced in salt tolerant cultivar as revealed from curtailed mean germination time”
e3“improved seedling vigor”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbate priming enhanced ascorbate contents and catalase (CAT) activity in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- ascorbate priminge2
- Compound
- ascorbatee4
- Outcome
- catalase (CAT) activitye4
- Direction
- enhancede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars Auqab-2000 (salt tolerant) and MH97 (salt sensitive) under saline (15 dS m -1 ) or non-saline (4 dS m -1 ) conditions”
e2“the effect of ascorbate priming was more pronounced in salt tolerant cultivar as revealed from curtailed mean germination time”
e4“enhanced ascorbate contents and catalase (CAT) activity”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity significantly increased leaf protein content in both wheat cultivars.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Organ / stage
- leafe5
- Treatment
- Salinitye5
- Outcome
- leaf protein contente5
- Direction
- significantly increasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars Auqab-2000 (salt tolerant) and MH97 (salt sensitive) under saline (15 dS m -1 ) or non-saline (4 dS m -1 ) conditions”
e5“Salinity significantly increased leaf protein content in both cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
The increase in leaf protein content under salinity was higher in Auqab-2000 than in MH-97.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Auqab-2000e6
- Outcome
- magnitude of increase in protein contente6
- Direction
- highere6
- Comparator
- MH-97e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars Auqab-2000 (salt tolerant) and MH97 (salt sensitive) under saline (15 dS m -1 ) or non-saline (4 dS m -1 ) conditions”
e6“the magnitude of increase in protein content was higher in Auqab-2000 as compared to that in MH-97”
Claim · model-written summary
All pre-sowing seed treatments significantly enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in MH-97.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- MH-97e7
- Treatment
- pre-sowing seed treatmentse7
- Outcome
- superoxide dismutase (SOD) activitye7
- Direction
- significantly enhancede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars Auqab-2000 (salt tolerant) and MH97 (salt sensitive) under saline (15 dS m -1 ) or non-saline (4 dS m -1 ) conditions”
e7“All pre-sowing seed treatments significantly enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in MH-97 while priming with CaCl2.2H2O and ascorbate were very effective in Auqab2000 during stress conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming with CaCl2.2H2O and ascorbate was very effective in Auqab-2000 during stress conditions.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Auqab2000e7
- Treatment
- priming with CaCl2.2H2O and ascorbatee7
- Outcome
- superoxide dismutase (SOD) activitye7
- Direction
- very effectivee7
- Setting
- stress conditionse7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars Auqab-2000 (salt tolerant) and MH97 (salt sensitive) under saline (15 dS m -1 ) or non-saline (4 dS m -1 ) conditions”
e7“All pre-sowing seed treatments significantly enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in MH-97 while priming with CaCl2.2H2O and ascorbate were very effective in Auqab2000 during stress conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
The salt-tolerant cultivar Auqab-2000 had better protection against reactive oxygen species under salt stress, shown by increased SOD and CAT activities.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Auqab-2000e1
- Treatment
- salt stresse1
- Outcome
- protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS)e1
- Direction
- bettere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars Auqab-2000 (salt tolerant) and MH97 (salt sensitive) under saline (15 dS m -1 ) or non-saline (4 dS m -1 ) conditions”
e1“The salt-tolerant cultivar Auqab-2000 had a better protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS) as shown by increased SOD amd CAT activities under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Halopriming and hydropriming successfully improved seed performance in both wheat cultivars.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- both cultivarse1
- Treatment
- halopriming and hydropriminge1
- Outcome
- seed performancee1
- Direction
- successfully improvede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars Auqab-2000 (salt tolerant) and MH97 (salt sensitive) under saline (15 dS m -1 ) or non-saline (4 dS m -1 ) conditions”
e1“halopriming and hydropriming successfully improved the seed performance in both cultivars whereas priming with ascorbate was only effective in salt tolerant cultivar under saline conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbate priming was only effective for seed performance in the salt-tolerant cultivar under saline conditions.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- salt tolerant cultivare1
- Treatment
- priming with ascorbatee1
- Outcome
- seed performancee1
- Direction
- only effectivee1
- Setting
- under saline conditionse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars Auqab-2000 (salt tolerant) and MH97 (salt sensitive) under saline (15 dS m -1 ) or non-saline (4 dS m -1 ) conditions”
e1“halopriming and hydropriming successfully improved the seed performance in both cultivars whereas priming with ascorbate was only effective in salt tolerant cultivar under saline conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
The benefit of seed priming is attributed to decreased oxidative damage from an enhanced antioxidant system.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- decreased oxidative damagee2
- Qualifier
- enhanced antioxidant systeme2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars Auqab-2000 (salt tolerant) and MH97 (salt sensitive) under saline (15 dS m -1 ) or non-saline (4 dS m -1 ) conditions”
e2“This benefit was attributed to early and synchronized germination, vigorous stand establishment, and decreased oxidative damage due to enhanced antioxidant system”
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