Abstract
Processing tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is an important irrigated crop in Southern Italy and, mainly, in the Capitanata plain. High values of seasonal irrigation water force the farmer to a more rational water management, that can be obtained by means of a more precise estimation and evaluation of crop coefficients (Kc = ETm/ETo). In this research Kc estimation was carried out by measuring maximum evapotranspiration (ETm) with ”Eddy covariance” method using, among the others, a sonic anemometer to measure sensible heat flux. The field experiments were carried out with “square shape” tomato (for peeled) in 2000 and “deep globe shape” tomato (for paste) in 2001, placing the instruments in the center of large homogenous fields (> 10 ha) in the Foggia plain (Capitanata). Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) was estimated by means of the Penman-Monteith formula and, in addition, with Hargreaves equation requiring maximum and minimum daily temperatures only and a local calibration. Experimentally measured and FAO suggested crop coefficients were compared: peeled tomato, in the intermediate phase, showed Kc greater of 0.13 than that reported by FAO. Local calibration of Hargreaves equation allowed a significant improvement of ETo estimation. Seasonal water use was estimated (500 and 550 mm, in 2000 and in 2001, respectively) and resulted in accordance to the actual farmer irrigation supply, taking into account an irrigation efficiency of drip irrigation of about 83-85%.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Peeled tomato in the intermediate phase had a Kc 0.13 greater than the FAO-reported value.
Verbatim
t0“PROCESSING TOMATO”
e1“peeled tomato, in the intermediate phase, showed Kc greater of 0.13 than that reported by FAO”
Claim · model-written summary
Local calibration of the Hargreaves equation significantly improved the estimation of ETo.
- Taxon
- PROCESSING TOMATOt0
- Treatment
- Local calibration of Hargreaves equatione2
- Outcome
- ETo estimatione2
- Direction
- improvemente2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“PROCESSING TOMATO”
e2“Local calibration of Hargreaves equation allowed a significant improvement of ETo estimation”
Claim · model-written summary
Seasonal water use of processing tomato was 500 and 550 mm in 2000 and 2001, respectively.
Verbatim
t0“PROCESSING TOMATO”
e3“Seasonal water use was estimated (500 and 550 mm, in 2000 and in 2001, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seasonal water use of processing tomato was in accordance with the actual farmer irrigation supply.
Verbatim
t0“PROCESSING TOMATO”
e4“Seasonal water use was estimated (500 and 550 mm, in 2000 and in 2001, respectively) and resulted in accordance to the actual farmer irrigation supply, taking into account an irrigation efficiency of drip irrigation of about 83-85%”