Abstract
Growth and yield of maize is seriously restricted by water deficit. Salicylic acid (SA) and Paclobutrazol (PBZ) induces biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in crops. In order to evaluate effect of antitranspiration substances and water stress on growth, yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays L.) an experiment was conducted in 2009, Hamedan, Iran. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with split plot arrangement. The plants were sprayed with the salicylic acid (0.5 mM) and paclobutrazol (50 ppm). The results showed that vegetative growth indices such as total dry weight, leaf area index and crop growth rate, was considerably affected by application of SA and PBZ under different irrigation regimes. Interaction between SA and 100, 70 and 40% of full irrigation significantly increased grain yield by15.85, 20.81, 29.74 percentage, weight of 1000 seeds by 11.40, 15.77, 20.17 percentage and biological yield by 15.41, 19.38, 23.19 percentage compared to untreated plants, respectively. Grain yield and 1000-grain weight significantly decreased under PBZ treatment by 8.60, 8.64 percentage compared to untreated plants under non-water stress. Grain yield and weight of 1000 seed displayed a significant increase in response to rate of the PBZ compared to untreated plants under low and high water stress. Exogenous SA application was advantageous under three irrigation levels, but exogenous PBZ application was advantageous only under stress conditions.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
SA and PBZ affected vegetative growth indices of maize (total dry weight, leaf area index, crop growth rate) under different irrigation regimes
- Treatment
- application of SA and PBZe2
- Outcome
- total dry weight, leaf area index and crop growth ratee2
- Qualifier
- under different irrigation regimese2
Zea maysNot reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and yield of maize is seriously restricted by water deficit”
e2“vegetative growth indices such as total dry weight, leaf area index and crop growth rate, was considerably affected by application of SA and PBZ under different irrigation regimes”
Claim · model-written summary
SA with 100% of full irrigation increased grain yield by 15.85 percentage compared to untreated plants
- Treatment
- Interaction between SA and 100, 70 and 40% of full irrigatione1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 15.85e1
- Comparator
- untreated plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and yield of maize is seriously restricted by water deficit”
e1“Interaction between SA and 100, 70 and 40% of full irrigation significantly increased grain yield by15.85, 20.81, 29.74 percentage, weight of 1000 seeds by 11.40, 15.77, 20.17 percentage and biological yield by 15.41, 19.38, 23.19 percentage compared to untreated plants, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
SA with 70% of full irrigation increased grain yield by 20.81 percentage compared to untreated plants
- Treatment
- Interaction between SA and 100, 70 and 40% of full irrigatione1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 20.81e1
- Comparator
- untreated plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and yield of maize is seriously restricted by water deficit”
e1“Interaction between SA and 100, 70 and 40% of full irrigation significantly increased grain yield by15.85, 20.81, 29.74 percentage, weight of 1000 seeds by 11.40, 15.77, 20.17 percentage and biological yield by 15.41, 19.38, 23.19 percentage compared to untreated plants, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
SA with 40% of full irrigation increased grain yield by 29.74 percentage compared to untreated plants
- Treatment
- Interaction between SA and 100, 70 and 40% of full irrigatione1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 29.74e1
- Comparator
- untreated plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and yield of maize is seriously restricted by water deficit”
e1“Interaction between SA and 100, 70 and 40% of full irrigation significantly increased grain yield by15.85, 20.81, 29.74 percentage, weight of 1000 seeds by 11.40, 15.77, 20.17 percentage and biological yield by 15.41, 19.38, 23.19 percentage compared to untreated plants, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
SA with 100% of full irrigation increased weight of 1000 seeds by 11.40 percentage compared to untreated plants
- Treatment
- Interaction between SA and 100, 70 and 40% of full irrigatione1
- Outcome
- weight of 1000 seedse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 11.40e1
- Comparator
- untreated plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and yield of maize is seriously restricted by water deficit”
e1“Interaction between SA and 100, 70 and 40% of full irrigation significantly increased grain yield by15.85, 20.81, 29.74 percentage, weight of 1000 seeds by 11.40, 15.77, 20.17 percentage and biological yield by 15.41, 19.38, 23.19 percentage compared to untreated plants, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
SA with 70% of full irrigation increased weight of 1000 seeds by 15.77 percentage compared to untreated plants
- Treatment
- Interaction between SA and 100, 70 and 40% of full irrigatione1
- Outcome
- weight of 1000 seedse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 15.77e1
- Comparator
- untreated plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and yield of maize is seriously restricted by water deficit”
e1“Interaction between SA and 100, 70 and 40% of full irrigation significantly increased grain yield by15.85, 20.81, 29.74 percentage, weight of 1000 seeds by 11.40, 15.77, 20.17 percentage and biological yield by 15.41, 19.38, 23.19 percentage compared to untreated plants, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
SA with 40% of full irrigation increased weight of 1000 seeds by 20.17 percentage compared to untreated plants
- Treatment
- Interaction between SA and 100, 70 and 40% of full irrigatione1
- Outcome
- weight of 1000 seedse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 20.17e1
- Comparator
- untreated plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and yield of maize is seriously restricted by water deficit”
e1“Interaction between SA and 100, 70 and 40% of full irrigation significantly increased grain yield by15.85, 20.81, 29.74 percentage, weight of 1000 seeds by 11.40, 15.77, 20.17 percentage and biological yield by 15.41, 19.38, 23.19 percentage compared to untreated plants, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
SA with 100% of full irrigation increased biological yield by 15.41 percentage compared to untreated plants
- Treatment
- Interaction between SA and 100, 70 and 40% of full irrigatione1
- Outcome
- biological yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 15.41e1
- Comparator
- untreated plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and yield of maize is seriously restricted by water deficit”
e1“Interaction between SA and 100, 70 and 40% of full irrigation significantly increased grain yield by15.85, 20.81, 29.74 percentage, weight of 1000 seeds by 11.40, 15.77, 20.17 percentage and biological yield by 15.41, 19.38, 23.19 percentage compared to untreated plants, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
SA with 70% of full irrigation increased biological yield by 19.38 percentage compared to untreated plants
- Treatment
- Interaction between SA and 100, 70 and 40% of full irrigatione1
- Outcome
- biological yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 19.38e1
- Comparator
- untreated plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and yield of maize is seriously restricted by water deficit”
e1“Interaction between SA and 100, 70 and 40% of full irrigation significantly increased grain yield by15.85, 20.81, 29.74 percentage, weight of 1000 seeds by 11.40, 15.77, 20.17 percentage and biological yield by 15.41, 19.38, 23.19 percentage compared to untreated plants, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
SA with 40% of full irrigation increased biological yield by 23.19 percentage compared to untreated plants
- Treatment
- Interaction between SA and 100, 70 and 40% of full irrigatione1
- Outcome
- biological yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 23.19e1
- Comparator
- untreated plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and yield of maize is seriously restricted by water deficit”
e1“Interaction between SA and 100, 70 and 40% of full irrigation significantly increased grain yield by15.85, 20.81, 29.74 percentage, weight of 1000 seeds by 11.40, 15.77, 20.17 percentage and biological yield by 15.41, 19.38, 23.19 percentage compared to untreated plants, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
PBZ decreased maize grain yield by 8.60 percentage compared with untreated plants under non-water stress
- Treatment
- PBZ treatmente3
- Outcome
- Grain yielde3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Value
- 8.60e3
- Qualifier
- under non-water stresse3
- Comparator
- untreated plantse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and yield of maize is seriously restricted by water deficit”
e3“Grain yield and 1000-grain weight significantly decreased under PBZ treatment by 8.60, 8.64 percentage compared to untreated plants under non-water stress”
Claim · model-written summary
PBZ decreased maize 1000-grain weight by 8.64 percentage compared with untreated plants under non-water stress
- Treatment
- PBZ treatmente3
- Outcome
- 1000-grain weighte3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Value
- 8.64e3
- Qualifier
- under non-water stresse3
- Comparator
- untreated plantse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and yield of maize is seriously restricted by water deficit”
e3“Grain yield and 1000-grain weight significantly decreased under PBZ treatment by 8.60, 8.64 percentage compared to untreated plants under non-water stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing PBZ rate increased maize grain yield and 1000-seed weight compared with untreated plants under low and high water stress
- Treatment
- rate of the PBZe4
- Outcome
- Grain yield and weight of 1000 seede4
- Direction
- increasee4
- Qualifier
- under low and high water stresse4
- Comparator
- untreated plantse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and yield of maize is seriously restricted by water deficit”
e4“Grain yield and weight of 1000 seed displayed a significant increase in response to rate of the PBZ compared to untreated plants under low and high water stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous SA application was advantageous for maize under three irrigation levels
- Treatment
- Exogenous SA applicatione5
- Outcome
- advantageouse5
- Direction
- advantageouse5
- Qualifier
- under three irrigation levelse5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and yield of maize is seriously restricted by water deficit”
e5“Exogenous SA application was advantageous under three irrigation levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous PBZ application was advantageous for maize only under stress conditions
- Treatment
- exogenous PBZ applicatione6
- Outcome
- advantageouse6
- Direction
- advantageouse6
- Qualifier
- only under stress conditionse6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and yield of maize is seriously restricted by water deficit”
e6“exogenous PBZ application was advantageous only under stress conditions”
The same questions in other papers
paclobutrazol · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
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- positive
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- no effect
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790 papers in the same direction as this paper · 209 in the opposite direction · 16 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
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See all 1,016 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.