Abstract
Effect of bio- and chemical fertilizers, separately and in different combinations, on the growth of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) was studied to reduce the chemical fertilizers used, maximizing their use efficiency and to obtain highest growth and productive parameters. The biofertilizers used as inoculums for seeds treatment of sunflower cv. Geza 1 were Azospirillum (nitrogen fixing bacteria, N.F.B.) and Bacillus polymyxa (phosphate dissolving bacteria, P.D.B.) and their mixture. Both bacterial inoculants and their mixture show an increase in growth parameters, nutrients content and yield when compared to the control (full dose of NPK chemical fertilization). The result reveals that biofertilization treatments of Azospirillum + Bacillus plus 100% chemical fertilizers produced the highest values in all growth and yield parameters compared with the control (full dose of chemical fertilization alone). The results also indicated that biofertilization, beside its ability to improve the nutrient supply in the soil, also increases the efficiency of added chemical fertilization.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Azospirillum inoculation increased sunflower growth, nutrient content and yield versus full NPK control.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuuse0 - Material
- Geza 1e1
- Treatment
- Azospirillume1
- Interactor
- Azospirillum
Azospirillume1symbiont - Outcome
- growth parameters, nutrients content and yielde1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Comparator
- control (full dose of NPK chemical fertilization)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
e1“The biofertilizers used as inoculums for seeds treatment of sunflower cv. Geza 1 were Azospirillum (nitrogen fixing bacteria, N.F.B.) and Bacillus polymyxa (phosphate dissolving bacteria, P.D.B.) and their mixture. Both bacterial inoculants and their mixture show an increase in growth parameters, nutrients content and yield when compared to the control (full dose of NPK chemical fertilization)”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus polymyxa inoculation increased sunflower growth, nutrient content and yield versus full NPK control.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Material
- Geza 1e1
- Treatment
- Bacillus polymyxae1
- Interactor
- Bacillus polymyxa
Paenibacillus polymyxae1symbiont - Outcome
- growth parameters, nutrients content and yielde1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Comparator
- control (full dose of NPK chemical fertilization)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
e1“The biofertilizers used as inoculums for seeds treatment of sunflower cv. Geza 1 were Azospirillum (nitrogen fixing bacteria, N.F.B.) and Bacillus polymyxa (phosphate dissolving bacteria, P.D.B.) and their mixture. Both bacterial inoculants and their mixture show an increase in growth parameters, nutrients content and yield when compared to the control (full dose of NPK chemical fertilization)”
Claim · model-written summary
The mixed bacterial inoculant increased sunflower growth, nutrient content and yield versus full NPK control.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- their mixturee1
- Interactor
- AzospirillumAzospirillume1symbiont
- Second interactor
- Bacillus polymyxaPaenibacillus polymyxae1symbiont
- Outcome
- growth parameters, nutrients content and yielde1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Comparator
- control (full dose of NPK chemical fertilization)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
e1“Azospirillum (nitrogen fixing bacteria, N.F.B.) and Bacillus polymyxa (phosphate dissolving bacteria, P.D.B.) and their mixture. Both bacterial inoculants and their mixture show an increase in growth parameters, nutrients content and yield when compared to the control (full dose of NPK chemical fertilization)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined Azospirillum, Bacillus and full chemical fertilizer produced the highest sunflower growth and yield.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- Azospirillum + Bacillus plus 100% chemical fertilizerse1
- Interactor
- AzospirillumAzospirillume1symbiont
- Second interactor
- Bacilluse1symbiont
- Outcome
- growth and yield parameterse1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Comparator
- control (full dose of chemical fertilization alone)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
e1“biofertilization treatments of Azospirillum + Bacillus plus 100% chemical fertilizers produced the highest values in all growth and yield parameters compared with the control (full dose of chemical fertilization alone)”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilization improved sunflower soil nutrient supply and chemical fertilizer efficiency.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- biofertilizatione1
- Outcome
- nutrient supply in the soile1
- Direction
- improvee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
e1“biofertilization, beside its ability to improve the nutrient supply in the soil, also increases the efficiency of added chemical fertilization”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilization increased the efficiency of added chemical fertilizer in sunflower.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- biofertilizatione1
- Outcome
- efficiency of added chemical fertilizatione1
- Direction
- increasese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
e1“biofertilization, beside its ability to improve the nutrient supply in the soil, also increases the efficiency of added chemical fertilization”
The same questions in other papers
Azospirillum · yield · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →fertilization · yield · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results
343 papers in the same direction as this paper · 18 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
361 papers more in this group
See all 365 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.