Abstract
To deal with pathogens, plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms including constitutive and induced defense mechanisms. Phytohormones play important roles in plant growth and development, as well as in the systemic response induced by beneficial and pathogen microorganisms. In this work, we identified an Aspergillus ustus isolate that promotes growth and induces developmental changes in Solanum tuberosum and Arabidopsis thaliana. A. ustus inoculation on A. thaliana and S. tuberosum roots induced an increase in shoot and root growth, and lateral root and root hair numbers. Assays performed on Arabidopsis lines to measure reporter gene expression of auxin-induced/ repressed or cell cycle controlled genes (DR5 and CycB1, respectively) showed enhanced GUS activity, when compared with mock-inoculated seedlings. To determine the contribution of phytohormone signaling pathways in the effect elicited by A. ustus, we evaluated the response of a collection of hormone mutants of Arabidopsis defective in auxin, ethylene, cytokinin, or abscisic acid signaling to the inoculation with this fungus. All mutant lines inoculated with A. ustus showed increased biomass production, suggesting that these genes are not required to respond to this fungus. Moreover, we demonstrated that A. ustus synthesizes auxins and gibberellins in liquid cultures. In addition, A. ustus induced systemic resistance against the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea and the hemibiotrophic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae DC3000, probably through the induction of the expression of salicylic acid, jasmonic acid/ethylene, and camalexin defense-related genes in Arabidopsis.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
An Aspergillus ustus isolate promoted growth and developmental changes in potato and Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosume0 - Treatment
- Aspergillus ustus isolatee0
- Interactor
- Aspergillus ustus
Aspergillus ustuse0symbiont - Outcome
- growth and induces developmental changese0
- Direction
- promotese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“identified an Aspergillus ustus isolate that promotes growth and induces developmental changes in Solanum tuberosum and Arabidopsis thaliana”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
The isolate promoted growth and developmental changes in Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae0 - Treatment
- Aspergillus ustus isolatee0
- Interactor
- Aspergillus ustusAspergillus ustuse0symbiont
- Outcome
- growth and induces developmental changese0
- Direction
- promotese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“identified an Aspergillus ustus isolate that promotes growth and induces developmental changes in Solanum tuberosum and Arabidopsis thaliana”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
A. ustus inoculation increased shoot and root growth and lateral root and root hair numbers in Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- A. thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Treatment
- A. ustus inoculatione0
- Interactor
- A. ustusAspergillus ustuse0symbiont
- Outcome
- shoot and root growth, and lateral root and root hair numberse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A. ustus inoculation on A. thaliana and S. tuberosum roots induced an increase in shoot and root growth, and lateral root and root hair numbers.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
A. ustus inoculation increased shoot and root growth and lateral root and root hair numbers in potato.
- Taxon
- S. tuberosumSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- A. ustus inoculatione0
- Interactor
- A. ustusAspergillus ustuse0symbiont
- Outcome
- shoot and root growth, and lateral root and root hair numberse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A. ustus inoculation on A. thaliana and S. tuberosum roots induced an increase in shoot and root growth, and lateral root and root hair numbers.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated Arabidopsis lines had enhanced reporter GUS activity relative to mock seedlings.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Gene
- DR5 and CycB1e0
- Outcome
- GUS activitye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- mock-inoculated seedlingse0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Assays performed on Arabidopsis lines to measure reporter gene expression of auxin-induced/ repressed or cell cycle controlled genes (DR5 and CycB1, respectively) showed enhanced GUS activity, when compared with mock-inoculated seedlings.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Hormone signaling mutants of Arabidopsis increased biomass after A. ustus inoculation.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- mutant linese0
- Treatment
- inoculated with A. ustuse0
- Interactor
- A. ustusAspergillus ustuse0symbiont
- Outcome
- biomass productione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All mutant lines inoculated with A. ustus showed increased biomass production, suggesting that these genes are not required to respond to this fungus.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
A. ustus induced Arabidopsis systemic resistance against Botrytis cinerea.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- A. ustuse0
- Interactor
- Botrytis cinerea
Botrytis cinereae0pathogen - Second interactor
- A. ustusAspergillus ustuse0symbiont
- Outcome
- systemic resistancee0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A. ustus induced systemic resistance against the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea and the hemibiotrophic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae DC3000”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
A. ustus induced Arabidopsis systemic resistance against Pseudomonas syringae DC3000.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- A. ustuse0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas syringae DC3000Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato str. DC3000e0pathogen
- Second interactor
- A. ustusAspergillus ustuse0symbiont
- Outcome
- systemic resistancee0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A. ustus induced systemic resistance against the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea and the hemibiotrophic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae DC3000”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
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See all 104 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.