Abstract
The mechanism of chilling injury in Cucurbitaceae fruits including cucumber, oriental pickling melon, marrow, squash, balsam pear, white gourd and chayote was investigated by using an Arrhenius equation for the rate of potassium ion leakage from the tissue slices at 0-30°C.1. The symptoms of chilling injury were pitting, surface pitting and watery breakdown following the decay by the secondary infection of microorganisms. There was observed to be a significant deviation among chilling tolerance of cucurbits fruits at 0-5°C. The fruit of balsam pear showed the most sensitive to chilling and Cucurbita fruit was observed to be the most chilling tolerant species. In general, chilling sensitivity might depend on fruit maturity, and fruit harvested commercially at mature stage showed much more tolerant to chilling than the fruit that was harvested at immature stage.2. In all species, there were break points at ranging 5-12°C in the Arrhenius plot of rate of potassium ion leakage from the tissues. A higher rate of potassium ion leakage was observed at the lower temperatures below the break points. These breaks corresponded nearly with the critical temperatures for chilling injury of these fruits.3. The break points were observed in the Arrhenius plot for the tissues of cucumber fruit stored at 20°C (safe temperature) throughout storage period. On the other hand, the break points became obscure during storage at 5°C (chilling temperature) and became hard to distinguish after storage for 15 days.The abrupt breaks at the critical temperatures observed in the Arrhenius plots may suggest that the occurrence of phase change of membrane lipid in the fruit tissues might be primary event of chilling injury of the Cucurbitaceae fruit.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Chilling tolerance differed significantly among cucurbit fruit species at 0-5°C.
Verbatim
e0“There was observed to be a significant deviation among chilling tolerance of cucurbits fruits at 0-5°C”
Claim · model-written summary
Chilling injury symptoms in the fruits were pitting, surface pitting and watery breakdown.
- Taxon
- Cucurbitaceae FruitsCucurbitaceaet0
- Outcome
- symptoms of chilling injurye1
Verbatim
t0“Cucurbitaceae Fruits”
e1“The symptoms of chilling injury were pitting, surface pitting and watery breakdown”
Claim · model-written summary
Balsam pear fruit was the most chilling-sensitive of the cucurbit fruits tested.
- Taxon
- balsam pear
Momordica charantiae2 - Outcome
- most sensitive to chillinge2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The fruit of balsam pear showed the most sensitive to chilling”
Claim · model-written summary
Cucurbita fruit was the most chilling-tolerant species.
- Outcome
- most chilling tolerante3
CucurbitaOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Cucurbita fruit was observed to be the most chilling tolerant species”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit harvested at the commercial mature stage was much more chilling-tolerant than fruit harvested at the immature stage.
Verbatim
e4“fruit harvested commercially at mature stage showed much more tolerant to chilling than the fruit that was harvested at immature stage”
Claim · model-written summary
In all species the Arrhenius plot of potassium ion leakage rate from fruit tissue showed break points at 5-12°C.
- Taxon
- Cucurbitaceae FruitsCucurbitaceaet0
- Outcome
- break pointse5
- Value
- 5-12°Ce5
Verbatim
t0“Cucurbitaceae Fruits”
e5“In all species, there were break points at ranging 5-12°C in the Arrhenius plot of rate of potassium ion leakage from the tissues”
Claim · model-written summary
The rate of potassium ion leakage was higher at temperatures below the break points.
- Taxon
- Cucurbitaceae FruitsCucurbitaceaet0
- Outcome
- rate of potassium ion leakagee6
- Direction
- highere6
- Qualifier
- lower temperatures below the break pointse6
Verbatim
t0“Cucurbitaceae Fruits”
e6“A higher rate of potassium ion leakage was observed at the lower temperatures below the break points”
Claim · model-written summary
The break points in the Arrhenius plots corresponded nearly with the critical temperatures for chilling injury of the fruits.
- Taxon
- Cucurbitaceae FruitsCucurbitaceaet0
- Outcome
- breakse7
- Comparator
- critical temperatures for chilling injurye7
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
t0“Cucurbitaceae Fruits”
e7“These breaks corresponded nearly with the critical temperatures for chilling injury of these fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
In cucumber fruit stored at 5°C the Arrhenius break points became obscure and hard to distinguish after 15 days, whereas they remained observable at 20°C.
- Taxon
- cucumber fruit
Cucumis sativuse0 - Treatment
- storage at 5°Ce1
- Outcome
- break pointse1
- Direction
- became obscuree1
- Qualifier
- after storage for 15 dayse1
- Comparator
- 20°C (safe temperature)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The break points were observed in the Arrhenius plot for the tissues of cucumber fruit stored at 20°C (safe temperature) throughout storage period”
e1“the break points became obscure during storage at 5°C (chilling temperature) and became hard to distinguish after storage for 15 days”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest that a phase change of membrane lipid in the fruit tissues might be the primary event of chilling injury in Cucurbitaceae fruit.
- Taxon
- Cucurbitaceae fruitCucurbitaceaee0
- Outcome
- chilling injurye0
- Qualifier
- phase change of membrane lipide0
Verbatim
e0“the occurrence of phase change of membrane lipid in the fruit tissues might be primary event of chilling injury of the Cucurbitaceae fruit”