Abstract
The PEACH computer simulation model of reproductive and vegetative growth of peach trees (Grossman and DeJong 1994) was adapted to estimate seasonal nitrogen (N) dynamics in organs of mature peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch cv. O'Henry) trees grown with high and low soil N availability. Seasonal N accumulation patterns of fruits, leaves, stems, branches, trunk and roots of mature, cropping peach trees were modeled by combining model predictions of organ dry mass accumulation from the PEACH model with measured seasonal organ N concentrations of trees that had been fertilized with either zero or 200 kg N ha(-1) in April. The results provided a comparison of the N use of perennial and annual organs during the growing season for trees growing under both low and high N availability. Nitrogen fertilization increased tree N content by increasing organ dry masses and N concentrations during the fruit growing season. Dry mass of current-year vegetative growth was most affected by N fertilization. Whole-tree N content of fertilized trees was almost twice that of non-fertilized trees. Although N use was higher in fertilized trees, calculated seasonal N accumulation patterns were similar for trees in both treatments. Annual organs exhibited greater responses to N fertilization than perennial organs. Estimated mean daily N use per tree remained nearly constant from 40 days after anthesis to harvest. The calculations indicated that fertilized trees accumulated about 1 g N tree(-1) day(-1), twice that accumulated by non-fertilized trees. Daily N use by the fertilized orchard was calculated to be approximately 1 kg N ha(-1), whereas it was approximately 0.5 kg N ha(-1) for the non-fertilized trees. During the first 25-30 days of the growing season, all N use by growing tissues was apparently supplied by storage organs. Nitrogen release from storage organs for current growth continued until about 75 days after anthesis in both N treatments.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilization increased whole-tree N content by increasing organ dry masses and N concentrations during the fruit growing season.
- Taxon
- peach
Prunus persicae0 - Material
- O'Henrye0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen fertilizatione1
- Outcome
- tree N contente1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- by increasing organ dry masses and N concentrations during the fruit growing seasone1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“organs of mature peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch cv. O'Henry) trees”
e1“Nitrogen fertilization increased tree N content by increasing organ dry masses and N concentrations during the fruit growing season”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilization most affected the dry mass of current-year vegetative growth.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae0
- Material
- O'Henrye0
- Organ / stage
- current-year vegetative growthe2
- Treatment
- N fertilizatione2
- Outcome
- Dry mass of current-year vegetative growthe2
- Direction
- most affectede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“organs of mature peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch cv. O'Henry) trees”
e2“Dry mass of current-year vegetative growth was most affected by N fertilization”
Claim · model-written summary
Whole-tree N content of fertilized trees was almost twice that of non-fertilized trees.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae0
- Material
- O'Henrye0
- Treatment
- fertilized treese3
- Outcome
- Whole-tree N contente3
- Direction
- almost twicee3
- Value
- almost twicee3
- Comparator
- non-fertilized treese3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“organs of mature peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch cv. O'Henry) trees”
e3“Whole-tree N content of fertilized trees was almost twice that of non-fertilized trees”
Claim · model-written summary
N use was higher in fertilized trees.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae0
- Material
- O'Henrye0
- Treatment
- fertilized treese4
- Outcome
- N usee4
- Direction
- highere4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“organs of mature peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch cv. O'Henry) trees”
e4“Although N use was higher in fertilized trees, calculated seasonal N accumulation patterns were similar for trees in both treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Seasonal N accumulation patterns were similar for fertilized and non-fertilized peach trees.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae0
- Material
- O'Henrye0
- Treatment
- fertilized treese4
- Outcome
- calculated seasonal N accumulation patternse4
- Direction
- were similare4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“organs of mature peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch cv. O'Henry) trees”
e4“Although N use was higher in fertilized trees, calculated seasonal N accumulation patterns were similar for trees in both treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Annual organs responded more strongly to nitrogen fertilization than perennial organs.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae0
- Material
- O'Henrye0
- Organ / stage
- Annual organse5
- Treatment
- N fertilizatione5
- Outcome
- responses to N fertilizatione5
- Direction
- greatere5
- Comparator
- perennial organse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“organs of mature peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch cv. O'Henry) trees”
e5“Annual organs exhibited greater responses to N fertilization than perennial organs”
Claim · model-written summary
Estimated mean daily N use per tree remained nearly constant from 40 days after anthesis to harvest.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae0
- Material
- O'Henrye0
- Outcome
- mean daily N use per treee6
- Direction
- remained nearly constante6
- Qualifier
- from 40 days after anthesis to harveste6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“organs of mature peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch cv. O'Henry) trees”
e6“Estimated mean daily N use per tree remained nearly constant from 40 days after anthesis to harvest”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilized trees accumulated about 1 g N per tree per day, twice the amount accumulated by non-fertilized trees.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae0
- Material
- O'Henrye0
- Treatment
- fertilized treese7
- Outcome
- accumulatede7
- Direction
- twice that accumulatede7
- Value
- about 1 g N tree(-1) day(-1)e7
- Comparator
- non-fertilized treese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“organs of mature peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch cv. O'Henry) trees”
e7“The calculations indicated that fertilized trees accumulated about 1 g N tree(-1) day(-1), twice that accumulated by non-fertilized trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Daily N use of the fertilized orchard was about 1 kg N per ha, against about 0.5 kg N per ha for non-fertilized trees.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae0
- Material
- O'Henrye0
- Treatment
- fertilized orcharde1
- Outcome
- Daily N usee1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- approximately 1 kg N ha(-1)e1
- Qualifier
- approximately 0.5 kg N ha(-1)e1
- Comparator
- non-fertilized treese1
- Setting
- orcharde1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“organs of mature peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch cv. O'Henry) trees”
e1“Daily N use by the fertilized orchard was calculated to be approximately 1 kg N ha(-1), whereas it was approximately 0.5 kg N ha(-1) for the non-fertilized trees”
Claim · model-written summary
During the first 25-30 days of the growing season, all N use by growing tissues was apparently supplied by storage organs.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae0
- Material
- O'Henrye0
- Organ / stage
- storage organse1
- Outcome
- N use by growing tissuese1
- Qualifier
- During the first 25-30 days of the growing seasone1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“organs of mature peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch cv. O'Henry) trees”
e1“During the first 25-30 days of the growing season, all N use by growing tissues was apparently supplied by storage organs”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen release from storage organs for current growth continued until about 75 days after anthesis.
- Taxon
- peachPrunus persicae0
- Material
- O'Henrye0
- Organ / stage
- storage organse1
- Outcome
- Nitrogen release from storage organs for current growthe1
- Qualifier
- until about 75 days after anthesise1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“organs of mature peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch cv. O'Henry) trees”
e1“Nitrogen release from storage organs for current growth continued until about 75 days after anthesis in both N treatments”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · nutrient: content · Prunus persica (peach)Positive and negative results
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