Abstract
In order to make clear the process of the emergence of plumule in the direct-sowing on dry fields, elongation of plumule through soils after germination was studied. 1) The rate of emergence of plumule decreased with the increase of seeding depth of soil covering. In the case of 5 cm-seeding-depth, the more the amount of larger clods, the more the number of plumules perished under ground. 2) The growth of the plumule of 3 cm-seeding-depth plot and that of darkness was more rapid than those of 5 cm-and 7 cm-seeding-depth plots. In this case, somewhat positive correlation exists between the time of the emergence of leaves from coleoptile and the growth of the plumule. 3) The elongation of plumule was affected by temperature. In the plot of 5 cm-depth of seeding, the number of days from seeding to emergence of plumules at 30°C, 25°C and 20°C were 5∼6, 8∼9, and 11∼12 days respectively. 4) The elongation of plumule was also affected by the hardened texture of the seed bed. When the soil covering was conducted with larger clods, the degree of the inhibitive effects of soil moisture content (130∼100 per cent soil moisture content of field moisture capacity) on the emergence was decreased.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Rate of plumule emergence decreased as the seeding depth of soil covering increased in rice.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- seeding depth of soil coveringe1
- Outcome
- rate of emergence of plumulee1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Seedlings in the Direct-Sowing Culture”
e1“The rate of emergence of plumule decreased with the increase of seeding depth of soil covering”
Claim · model-written summary
In rice seeded at 5 cm, more larger soil clods led to more plumules perishing underground.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- the amount of larger clodse2
- Outcome
- the number of plumules perished under grounde2
- Direction
- increaseinferrede2
- Setting
- 5 cm-seeding-depthe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Seedlings in the Direct-Sowing Culture”
e2“In the case of 5 cm-seeding-depth, the more the amount of larger clods, the more the number of plumules perished under ground”
Claim · model-written summary
Plumule growth at 3 cm seeding depth and in darkness was more rapid than at 5 cm and 7 cm seeding depths.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 3 cm-seeding-depth plot and that of darknesse3
- Outcome
- growth of the plumulee3
- Direction
- more rapide3
- Comparator
- 5 cm-and 7 cm-seeding-depth plotse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Seedlings in the Direct-Sowing Culture”
e3“The growth of the plumule of 3 cm-seeding-depth plot and that of darkness was more rapid than those of 5 cm-and 7 cm-seeding-depth plots”
Claim · model-written summary
A somewhat positive correlation existed between the time of leaf emergence from the coleoptile and plumule growth.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- plumulee4
- Outcome
- growth of the plumulee4
- Direction
- positive correlatione4
- Qualifier
- somewhate4
- Comparator
- the time of the emergence of leaves from coleoptilee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Seedlings in the Direct-Sowing Culture”
e4“somewhat positive correlation exists between the time of the emergence of leaves from coleoptile and the growth of the plumule”
Claim · model-written summary
Temperature affected the elongation of rice plumules.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- temperaturee5
- Outcome
- elongation of plumulee5
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Seedlings in the Direct-Sowing Culture”
e5“The elongation of plumule was affected by temperature”
Claim · model-written summary
At 30°C, rice plumules took 5∼6 days from seeding to emergence at 5 cm seeding depth.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 30°Ce6
- Outcome
- number of days from seeding to emergence of plumulese6
- Value
- 5∼6e6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Seedlings in the Direct-Sowing Culture”
e6“In the plot of 5 cm-depth of seeding, the number of days from seeding to emergence of plumules at 30°C, 25°C and 20°C were 5∼6, 8∼9, and 11∼12 days respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
At 25°C, rice plumules took 8∼9 days from seeding to emergence at 5 cm seeding depth.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 25°Ce6
- Outcome
- number of days from seeding to emergence of plumulese6
- Value
- 8∼9e6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Seedlings in the Direct-Sowing Culture”
e6“In the plot of 5 cm-depth of seeding, the number of days from seeding to emergence of plumules at 30°C, 25°C and 20°C were 5∼6, 8∼9, and 11∼12 days respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
At 20°C, rice plumules took 11∼12 days from seeding to emergence at 5 cm seeding depth.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 20°Ce6
- Outcome
- number of days from seeding to emergence of plumulese6
- Value
- 11∼12e6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Seedlings in the Direct-Sowing Culture”
e6“In the plot of 5 cm-depth of seeding, the number of days from seeding to emergence of plumules at 30°C, 25°C and 20°C were 5∼6, 8∼9, and 11∼12 days respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The hardened texture of the seedbed affected the elongation of rice plumules.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- hardened texture of the seed bede7
- Outcome
- elongation of plumulee7
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Seedlings in the Direct-Sowing Culture”
e7“The elongation of plumule was also affected by the hardened texture of the seed bed”
Claim · model-written summary
Larger clods decreased the inhibitory effect of soil moisture content (130∼100% of field moisture capacity) on rice emergence.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- larger clodse1
- Outcome
- degree of the inhibitive effects of soil moisture contente1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Seedlings in the Direct-Sowing Culture”
e1“When the soil covering was conducted with larger clods, the degree of the inhibitive effects of soil moisture content (130∼100 per cent soil moisture content of field moisture capacity) on the emergence was decreased”
The same questions in other papers
light · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
54 papers in the same direction as this paper · 38 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- negative
91 papers more in this group
See all 95 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.