Abstract
A study was conducted to determine the phytotoxic effect of mercury on seed germination and seedling growth of an important arid legume tree Albizia lebbeck. The seeds germination and seedling growth performance of A. lebbeck responded differently to mercuric chloride treatment (1 mM, 3 mM, 5 mM and 7 mM) as compared to control. Seed germination of A. lebbeck was significantly (p < 0.05) affected by mercury treatment at 1 mM. Root growth of A. lebbeck was not significantly affected by mercury treatment at 1 mM, and 3 mM. Shoot and root length of A. lebbeck were significantly (p < 0.05) affected by 5 mM concentration of mercury treatment. Increase in concentration of mercury treatment at 5 mM and 7 mM significantly (p < 0.05) reduced seedling dry weight of A. lebbeck. The treatment of mercury at 1 mM decreased high percentage of seed germination (22%), seedling length (10%), root length (21.85%) and seedling dry weight (9%). Highest decrease in seed germination (51%), seedling (34%), root length (48%) and seedling dry weight (41%) of A. lebbeck occurred at 7 mM mercury treatment. A. lebbeck showed high percentage of tolerance (78.14%) to mercury at 1 mM. However, 7 mM concentration of mercury produced lowest percentage of tolerance (51.65%) in A. lebbeck. The seed germination potential and seedling vigor index (SVI) clearly decreased with the higher level of mercury. Plantation of A. lebbeck in mercury-polluted area will help in reducing the burden of mercury pollution. A. lebbeck can serve better in coordinating in land management programs in metal contaminated areas. The identification of the toxic concentration of metals and tolerance indices of A. lebbeck would also be helpful for the establishment of air quality standard.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Seed germination of Albizia lebbeck was significantly affected by 1 mM mercury treatment.
- Taxon
- Albizia lebbeck
Albizia lebbecke0 - Treatment
- mercury treatment at 1 mMe1
- Outcome
- Seed germinatione1
- Qualifier
- p < 0.05e1
- Comparator
- controle2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an important arid legume tree Albizia lebbeck”
e1“Seed germination of A. lebbeck was significantly (p < 0.05) affected by mercury treatment at 1 mM”
e2“(1 mM, 3 mM, 5 mM and 7 mM) as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Mercury at 1 mM decreased seed germination of Albizia lebbeck by 22%.
- Taxon
- Albizia lebbeckAlbizia lebbecke0
- Treatment
- treatment of mercury at 1 mMe1
- Outcome
- seed germinatione1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 22%e1
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an important arid legume tree Albizia lebbeck”
e1“The treatment of mercury at 1 mM decreased high percentage of seed germination (22%), seedling length (10%), root length (21.85%) and seedling dry weight (9%)”
e2“(1 mM, 3 mM, 5 mM and 7 mM) as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Root growth of Albizia lebbeck was not significantly affected by 1 mM mercury treatment.
- Taxon
- Albizia lebbeckAlbizia lebbecke0
- Treatment
- mercury treatment at 1 mMe1
- Outcome
- Root growthe1
- Direction
- not significantly affectede1
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an important arid legume tree Albizia lebbeck”
e1“Root growth of A. lebbeck was not significantly affected by mercury treatment at 1 mM, and 3 mM”
e2“(1 mM, 3 mM, 5 mM and 7 mM) as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Root growth of Albizia lebbeck was not significantly affected by 3 mM mercury treatment.
- Taxon
- Albizia lebbeckAlbizia lebbecke0
- Treatment
- 3 mMe1
- Outcome
- Root growthe1
- Direction
- not significantly affectede1
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an important arid legume tree Albizia lebbeck”
e1“Root growth of A. lebbeck was not significantly affected by mercury treatment at 1 mM, and 3 mM”
e2“(1 mM, 3 mM, 5 mM and 7 mM) as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot and root length of Albizia lebbeck were significantly affected by 5 mM mercury treatment.
- Taxon
- Albizia lebbeckAlbizia lebbecke0
- Treatment
- 5 mM concentration of mercury treatmente1
- Outcome
- Shoot and root lengthe1
- Qualifier
- p < 0.05e1
- Comparator
- controle2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an important arid legume tree Albizia lebbeck”
e1“Shoot and root length of A. lebbeck were significantly (p < 0.05) affected by 5 mM concentration of mercury treatment”
e2“(1 mM, 3 mM, 5 mM and 7 mM) as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling dry weight of Albizia lebbeck was significantly reduced at 5 mM mercury.
- Taxon
- Albizia lebbeckAlbizia lebbecke0
- Treatment
- 5 mMe1
- Outcome
- seedling dry weighte1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Qualifier
- p < 0.05e1
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an important arid legume tree Albizia lebbeck”
e1“Increase in concentration of mercury treatment at 5 mM and 7 mM significantly (p < 0.05) reduced seedling dry weight of A. lebbeck”
e2“(1 mM, 3 mM, 5 mM and 7 mM) as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling dry weight of Albizia lebbeck was significantly reduced at 7 mM mercury.
- Taxon
- Albizia lebbeckAlbizia lebbecke0
- Treatment
- 7 mMe1
- Outcome
- seedling dry weighte1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Qualifier
- p < 0.05e1
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an important arid legume tree Albizia lebbeck”
e1“Increase in concentration of mercury treatment at 5 mM and 7 mM significantly (p < 0.05) reduced seedling dry weight of A. lebbeck”
e2“(1 mM, 3 mM, 5 mM and 7 mM) as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling length of Albizia lebbeck decreased by 10% at 1 mM mercury.
- Taxon
- Albizia lebbeckAlbizia lebbecke0
- Treatment
- treatment of mercury at 1 mMe1
- Outcome
- seedling lengthe1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 10%e1
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an important arid legume tree Albizia lebbeck”
e1“The treatment of mercury at 1 mM decreased high percentage of seed germination (22%), seedling length (10%), root length (21.85%) and seedling dry weight (9%)”
e2“(1 mM, 3 mM, 5 mM and 7 mM) as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Root length of Albizia lebbeck decreased by 21.85% at 1 mM mercury.
- Taxon
- Albizia lebbeckAlbizia lebbecke0
- Treatment
- treatment of mercury at 1 mMe1
- Outcome
- root lengthe1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 21.85%e1
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an important arid legume tree Albizia lebbeck”
e1“The treatment of mercury at 1 mM decreased high percentage of seed germination (22%), seedling length (10%), root length (21.85%) and seedling dry weight (9%)”
e2“(1 mM, 3 mM, 5 mM and 7 mM) as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling dry weight of Albizia lebbeck decreased by 9% at 1 mM mercury.
- Taxon
- Albizia lebbeckAlbizia lebbecke0
- Treatment
- treatment of mercury at 1 mMe1
- Outcome
- seedling dry weighte1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 9%e1
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an important arid legume tree Albizia lebbeck”
e1“The treatment of mercury at 1 mM decreased high percentage of seed germination (22%), seedling length (10%), root length (21.85%) and seedling dry weight (9%)”
e2“(1 mM, 3 mM, 5 mM and 7 mM) as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed germination of Albizia lebbeck had the highest decrease of 51% at 7 mM mercury.
- Taxon
- Albizia lebbeckAlbizia lebbecke0
- Treatment
- 7 mM mercury treatmente1
- Outcome
- seed germinatione1
- Direction
- Highest decreasee1
- Value
- 51%e1
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an important arid legume tree Albizia lebbeck”
e1“Highest decrease in seed germination (51%), seedling (34%), root length (48%) and seedling dry weight (41%) of A. lebbeck occurred at 7 mM mercury treatment”
e2“(1 mM, 3 mM, 5 mM and 7 mM) as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling of Albizia lebbeck had the highest decrease of 34% at 7 mM mercury.
- Taxon
- Albizia lebbeckAlbizia lebbecke0
- Treatment
- 7 mM mercury treatmente1
- Outcome
- seedlinge1
- Direction
- Highest decreasee1
- Value
- 34%e1
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an important arid legume tree Albizia lebbeck”
e1“Highest decrease in seed germination (51%), seedling (34%), root length (48%) and seedling dry weight (41%) of A. lebbeck occurred at 7 mM mercury treatment”
e2“(1 mM, 3 mM, 5 mM and 7 mM) as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Root length of Albizia lebbeck had the highest decrease of 48% at 7 mM mercury.
- Taxon
- Albizia lebbeckAlbizia lebbecke0
- Treatment
- 7 mM mercury treatmente1
- Outcome
- root lengthe1
- Direction
- Highest decreasee1
- Value
- 48%e1
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an important arid legume tree Albizia lebbeck”
e1“Highest decrease in seed germination (51%), seedling (34%), root length (48%) and seedling dry weight (41%) of A. lebbeck occurred at 7 mM mercury treatment”
e2“(1 mM, 3 mM, 5 mM and 7 mM) as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling dry weight of Albizia lebbeck had the highest decrease of 41% at 7 mM mercury.
- Taxon
- Albizia lebbeckAlbizia lebbecke0
- Treatment
- 7 mM mercury treatmente1
- Outcome
- seedling dry weighte1
- Direction
- Highest decreasee1
- Value
- 41%e1
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an important arid legume tree Albizia lebbeck”
e1“Highest decrease in seed germination (51%), seedling (34%), root length (48%) and seedling dry weight (41%) of A. lebbeck occurred at 7 mM mercury treatment”
e2“(1 mM, 3 mM, 5 mM and 7 mM) as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Albizia lebbeck showed 78.14% tolerance to 1 mM mercury.
- Taxon
- Albizia lebbeckAlbizia lebbecke0
- Treatment
- mercury at 1 mMe1
- Outcome
- tolerancee1
- Value
- 78.14%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an important arid legume tree Albizia lebbeck”
e1“A. lebbeck showed high percentage of tolerance (78.14%) to mercury at 1 mM”
Claim · model-written summary
The 7 mM mercury concentration produced the lowest tolerance of Albizia lebbeck, 51.65%.
- Taxon
- Albizia lebbeckAlbizia lebbecke0
- Treatment
- 7 mM concentration of mercurye1
- Outcome
- percentage of tolerancee1
- Direction
- loweste1
- Value
- 51.65%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an important arid legume tree Albizia lebbeck”
e1“7 mM concentration of mercury produced lowest percentage of tolerance (51.65%) in A. lebbeck”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed germination potential and seedling vigor index of Albizia lebbeck clearly decreased with higher mercury levels.
- Taxon
- Albizia lebbeckAlbizia lebbecke0
- Treatment
- higher level of mercurye1
- Outcome
- seed germination potential and seedling vigor index (SVI)e1
- Direction
- clearly decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an important arid legume tree Albizia lebbeck”
e1“The seed germination potential and seedling vigor index (SVI) clearly decreased with the higher level of mercury”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting Albizia lebbeck in mercury-polluted areas is expected to reduce the mercury pollution burden.
- Taxon
- A. lebbeckAlbizia lebbecke1
- Outcome
- burden of mercury pollutione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Plantation of A. lebbeck in mercury-polluted area will help in reducing the burden of mercury pollution”
Claim · model-written summary
Albizia lebbeck can serve in coordinating land management programs in metal-contaminated areas.
- Taxon
- A. lebbeckAlbizia lebbecke1
- Outcome
- land management programse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“A. lebbeck can serve better in coordinating in land management programs in metal contaminated areas”