Abstract
SummaryAn earlier study had shown that exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at 1.0 µl l–1 caused a decrease in plant biomass and an accumulation of nitrate in Brassica campestris seedlings. The present study was aimed at evaluating whether pre-treatment with salicylic acid (SA) could promote tolerance to NO2 and prevent NO2-induced nitrate accumulation in leaves, thus improving the quality of pak choi (B. campestris L. spp. chinensis). Thirty-day-old B. campestris plants grown in a 3:1 (v/v) soil:sand mix were sprayed with SA solutions at 0, 0.5, 1.0, or 1.5 mM and, after 24 h, fumigated with 1.0 µl l–1 NO2 for 6 h d–1 for 10 d in a growth chamber. The results showed that SA applied at 1.0 mM was most effective at reducing the NO2-induced decrease in biomass and accumulation of nitrate. The photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, maximum quantum efficiency, and nitrate reductase activity also achieved their highest values at this dose of SA compared to all other concentrations. Furthermore, the application of SA protected the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase in leaves, and maintained a high level of reduced glutathione and a high ratio of reduced:oxidised glutathione compared to non-SA-treated samples. This may be responsible for the decreased levels of H2O2, low malondialdehyde contents, and electrolyte leakage observed in SA-treated plant leaves.Our results suggest that exogenous SA may play an important role in plant responses to reduce NO2-induced stress and to reduce in vivo nitrate levels.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
The 1.0 mM salicylic acid treatment most effectively reduced the NO2-induced biomass decrease.
- Taxon
- Brassica campestris
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Brassica rapa subsp. oleiferat0 - Treatment
- SA applied at 1.0 mMe0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“SA applied at 1.0 mM was most effective at reducing the NO2-induced decrease in biomass”
t0“Brassica campestris”
Claim · model-written summary
The 1.0 mM salicylic acid treatment most effectively reduced NO2-induced nitrate accumulation.
- Taxon
- Brassica campestrisBrassica rapa subsp. oleiferat0
- Treatment
- SA applied at 1.0 mMe0
- Outcome
- accumulation of nitratee0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SA applied at 1.0 mM was most effective at reducing the NO2-induced decrease in biomass and accumulation of nitrate”
t0“Brassica campestris”
Claim · model-written summary
At 1.0 mM salicylic acid, photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content and maximum quantum efficiency reached their highest values among doses.
- Taxon
- Brassica campestrisBrassica rapa subsp. oleiferat0
- Treatment
- this dose of SAe0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, maximum quantum efficiencye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- all other concentrationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, maximum quantum efficiency, and nitrate reductase activity also achieved their highest values at this dose of SA compared to all other concentrations”
t0“Brassica campestris”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate reductase activity reached its highest value at 1.0 mM salicylic acid compared with other concentrations.
- Taxon
- Brassica campestrisBrassica rapa subsp. oleiferat0
- Treatment
- this dose of SAe0
- Outcome
- nitrate reductase activitye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- all other concentrationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nitrate reductase activity also achieved their highest values at this dose of SA compared to all other concentrations”
t0“Brassica campestris”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid protected leaf superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase activities compared with no salicylic acid.
- Taxon
- Brassica campestrisBrassica rapa subsp. oleiferat0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- application of SAe0
- Outcome
- activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalasee0
- Direction
- protectede0
- Comparator
- non-SA-treated samplese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of SA protected the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase in leaves, and maintained a high level of reduced glutathione and a high ratio of reduced:oxidised glutathione compared to non-SA-treated samples”
t0“Brassica campestris”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid maintained a high reduced glutathione level and reduced:oxidised glutathione ratio compared with no salicylic acid.
- Taxon
- Brassica campestrisBrassica rapa subsp. oleiferat0
- Treatment
- application of SAe0
- Outcome
- level of reduced glutathione and a high ratio of reduced:oxidised glutathionee0
- Direction
- highe0
- Comparator
- non-SA-treated samplese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of SA protected the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase in leaves, and maintained a high level of reduced glutathione and a high ratio of reduced:oxidised glutathione compared to non-SA-treated samples”
t0“Brassica campestris”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid treated leaves had decreased H2O2, low malondialdehyde and low electrolyte leakage.
- Taxon
- Brassica campestrisBrassica rapa subsp. oleiferat0
- Treatment
- SA-treatede0
- Outcome
- levels of H2O2, low malondialdehyde contents, and electrolyte leakagee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- non-SA-treated samplese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreased levels of H2O2, low malondialdehyde contents, and electrolyte leakage observed in SA-treated plant leaves”
e1“compared to non-SA-treated samples”
t0“Brassica campestris”
Claim · model-written summary
Maintained antioxidant activities and glutathione status may explain lower oxidative injury in salicylic acid treated leaves.
- Taxon
- Brassica campestrisBrassica rapa subsp. oleiferat0
- Outcome
- decreased levels of H2O2, low malondialdehyde contents, and electrolyte leakagee0
- Qualifier
- protected the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalasee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This may be responsible for the decreased levels of H2O2, low malondialdehyde contents, and electrolyte leakage observed in SA-treated plant leaves”
e1“application of SA protected the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase in leaves, and maintained a high level of reduced glutathione”
t0“Brassica campestris”
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See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.