Paper · 1963 · Journal of Economic Entomology

Responses of Grapefruit Trees to Various Spray Oil Fractions1

H. A. Dean; Jack C. Bailey

12
claims
26
verbatim quotes
3
citations
3
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Certain tree responses were investigated as a possible result of four spray oil fractions and a non-oil treatment applied during July 1959–61. Juice analyses showed the October 1 samples of all treatments failed to meet maturity specifications by Texas standards. By late October, maturity was reached only in 1961 in all samples (except the high molecular weight paraffinic oil treatment) and in the 330-molecular-weight paraffinic oil treatment in 1960. By December, all samples met maturity. The soluble solids of the higher molecular weight paraffinic oil treatment were consistently lower in all samples. The higher percent soluble solids was associated with a higher percent acid, in general, and the resulting ratios were about the same. Significantly greater leaf drop was found in the paraffinic oil plots than in the non-oil plots. However, the greater leaf drop with the 330-molecular-weight paraffinic oil occurred only in 1959 and the general leaf drop in any plot was not excessive. Greater leaf drop occurred during the first 2 to 3 weeks after treatment. No significant differences were found in yield, although the plots sprayed with the oil with a molecular weight of 362 yielded ½ box per tree less than that with the next greater plot yield.

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Claims 12

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

All treatments failed Texas maturity standards in October 1 juice samples.

Taxon
Grapefruit TreesCitrus ×paradisit0
Outcome
failed to meet maturity specificationse0
Qualifier
October 1 samplese0
Setting
Texase0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Citrus x paradisi
Citrus ×paradisi · TaxonAmada44 · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the October 1 samples of all treatments failed to meet maturity specifications by Texas standards”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 165–262 · show in text ↑
t0

“Grapefruit Trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 13–29 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

By late October, all 1961 samples except those treated with high molecular weight paraffinic oil had reached maturity.

Taxon
Grapefruit TreesCitrus ×paradisit0
Outcome
maturity was reachede0
Qualifier
only in 1961 in all samples (except the high molecular weight paraffinic oil treatment)e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Citrus x paradisi
Citrus ×paradisi · TaxonAmada44 · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“By late October, maturity was reached only in 1961 in all samples (except the high molecular weight paraffinic oil treatment)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 264–389 · show in text ↑
t0

“Grapefruit Trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 13–29 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 330-molecular-weight paraffinic oil treatment reached maturity by late October in 1960.

Taxon
Grapefruit TreesCitrus ×paradisit0
Treatment
330-molecular-weight paraffinic oil treatmente0
Outcome
maturity was reachede1
Qualifier
in 1960e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Citrus x paradisi
Citrus ×paradisi · TaxonAmada44 · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“in the 330-molecular-weight paraffinic oil treatment in 1960”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 394–454 · show in text ↑
e1

“By late October, maturity was reached”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 264–301 · show in text ↑
t0

“Grapefruit Trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 13–29 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

All samples met maturity standards by December.

Taxon
Grapefruit TreesCitrus ×paradisit0
Outcome
all samples met maturitye0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Citrus x paradisi
Citrus ×paradisi · TaxonAmada44 · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“By December, all samples met maturity”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 456–493 · show in text ↑
t0

“Grapefruit Trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 13–29 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Higher molecular weight paraffinic oil had consistently lower soluble solids.

Taxon
Grapefruit TreesCitrus ×paradisit0
Treatment
higher molecular weight paraffinic oil treatmente0
Outcome
soluble solidse0
Direction
lowere0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Citrus x paradisi
Citrus ×paradisi · TaxonAmada44 · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The soluble solids of the higher molecular weight paraffinic oil treatment were consistently lower in all samples”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 495–608 · show in text ↑
t0

“Grapefruit Trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 13–29 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Higher soluble solids were generally associated with higher acid percentage, leaving ratios about the same.

Taxon
Grapefruit TreesCitrus ×paradisit0
Outcome
percent acide0
Direction
highere0
Qualifier
resulting ratios were about the samee0
Comparator
higher percent soluble solidse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Citrus x paradisi
Citrus ×paradisi · TaxonAmada44 · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The higher percent soluble solids was associated with a higher percent acid, in general, and the resulting ratios were about the same”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 610–743 · show in text ↑
t0

“Grapefruit Trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 13–29 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Paraffinic oil plots had significantly greater leaf drop than non-oil plots.

Taxon
Grapefruit TreesCitrus ×paradisit0
Treatment
paraffinic oile0
Outcome
leaf drope0
Direction
greatere0
Comparator
non-oil plotse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Citrus x paradisi
Citrus ×paradisi · TaxonAmada44 · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Significantly greater leaf drop was found in the paraffinic oil plots than in the non-oil plots”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 745–840 · show in text ↑
t0

“Grapefruit Trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 13–29 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Greater leaf drop with 330-molecular-weight paraffinic oil occurred only in 1959.

Taxon
Grapefruit TreesCitrus ×paradisit0
Treatment
330-molecular-weight paraffinic oile0
Outcome
leaf drope0
Direction
greatere0
Qualifier
only in 1959e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Citrus x paradisi
Citrus ×paradisi · TaxonAmada44 · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the greater leaf drop with the 330-molecular-weight paraffinic oil occurred only in 1959”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 851–939 · show in text ↑
t0

“Grapefruit Trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 13–29 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Leaf drop in all plots was not excessive.

Taxon
Grapefruit TreesCitrus ×paradisit0
Outcome
leaf drop in any plot was not excessivee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Citrus x paradisi
Citrus ×paradisi · TaxonAmada44 · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the general leaf drop in any plot was not excessive”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 944–995 · show in text ↑
t0

“Grapefruit Trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 13–29 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Leaf drop was greater in the first two to three weeks after treatment.

Taxon
Grapefruit TreesCitrus ×paradisit0
Outcome
leaf drope0
Direction
Greatere0
Qualifier
during the first 2 to 3 weeks after treatmente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Citrus x paradisi
Citrus ×paradisi · TaxonAmada44 · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Greater leaf drop occurred during the first 2 to 3 weeks after treatment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 997–1069 · show in text ↑
t0

“Grapefruit Trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 13–29 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Yield differences between treatments were not statistically significant.

Taxon
Grapefruit TreesCitrus ×paradisit0
Treatment
spray oil fractionse1
Outcome
yielde0
Direction
No significant differencese0
Comparator
non-oil treatmente1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Citrus x paradisi
Citrus ×paradisi · TaxonAmada44 · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“No significant differences were found in yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1071–1117 · show in text ↑
e1

“four spray oil fractions and a non-oil treatment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 65–113 · show in text ↑
t0

“Grapefruit Trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 13–29 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativenot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Plots sprayed with molecular-weight-362 oil yielded half a box per tree less than the next greater plot yield.

Taxon
Grapefruit TreesCitrus ×paradisit0
Treatment
oil with a molecular weight of 362e0
Outcome
yieldede0
Direction
lesse0
Value
½ box per treee0
Comparator
next greater plot yielde0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Citrus x paradisi
Citrus ×paradisi · TaxonAmada44 · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the plots sprayed with the oil with a molecular weight of 362 yielded ½ box per tree less than that with the next greater plot yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1128–1260 · show in text ↑
t0

“Grapefruit Trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 13–29 · show in text ↑

application · yield · Citrus x paradisi (grapefruit)Positive and negative results

9 papers: 5 positive, 4 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

5 papers more in this group

See all 9 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.