Abstract
Some relationships between the physiological and morphological characteristics of aerial parts in rice plants differing in plant type and other genetic characters, and root systems and root activities were presented in the previous papers (I to IV). In this study, a single variety, Nihonbare was used in order to find out effects of nitrogen level and placing position of the fertilizer on the chracteristics of root and aerial parts.The results obtained could be summarized as follows, (1) It was found that development and elongation of new roots were greatly retarded immediately after transplanting, when a higher level of nitrogen was applied as a basal-ferti-lizer. Therefore, a special caution should be paid to accelerate new root development through application of the optimum nitrogen amounts. (2) An excessive tillering of rice plants was observed at the stage of the maximum number of tillers, when a greater amount of nitrogen was applied as a basal-dressed fertilizer.This tendency was more pronounced as th amount of the upper roots was greater and the root activities were more active. However, the activities after this stage suddenly decreased, resulting in production of numerous invalid tillers. (3) On the other hand, the high root activity was maintained throughout the growth period, when the optimum amount of nitrogen as a basal-fertilizer was applied to deep-layer or to all the soil layers. As a results, a higher percentage of valid tillers was obtained in this case. (4) When the proper lelvel of nitrogen as a basal-feritilzer was applied to deep-layer and the whole layers, the activities of the total roots especially the lower nodal ones were active at the heading and ripening stages as compared with the activites in case of nitrogen, application to surface layer soil. The higher the lower-nodal root activity, the more chlorophyll was contained in the leaf and the slower destruction of chlorophyll in the leaf blade was taken place. It seemed very true that the higher yield was directly attributed to these relationships in case of nitrogen application to either deep-layer or the whole soil layers.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Higher basal nitrogen retarded new root development and elongation after transplanting.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- a higher level of nitrogene0
- Outcome
- development and elongation of new rootse0
- Direction
- retardede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“development and elongation of new roots were greatly retarded immediately after transplanting, when a higher level of nitrogen was applied as a basal-ferti-lizer”
t0“Rice Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater basal nitrogen caused excessive tillering at maximum tiller stage.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- a greater amount of nitrogene0
- Outcome
- excessive tilleringe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An excessive tillering of rice plants was observed at the stage of the maximum number of tillers, when a greater amount of nitrogen was applied as a basal-dressed fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Root activity fell after the maximum tiller stage, yielding numerous invalid tillers.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- this stagee0
- Outcome
- numerous invalid tillerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the activities after this stage suddenly decreased, resulting in production of numerous invalid tillers”
t0“Rice Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimal basal nitrogen placed deep or throughout soil maintained high root activity.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- the optimum amount of nitrogen as a basal-fertilizere0
- Outcome
- root activitye0
- Direction
- highe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the high root activity was maintained throughout the growth period, when the optimum amount of nitrogen as a basal-fertilizer was applied to deep-layer or to all the soil layers”
t0“Rice Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimal basal nitrogen applied deep or throughout soil increased the percentage of valid tillers.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- percentage of valid tillerse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a higher percentage of valid tillers was obtained in this case”
t0“Rice Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Deep or whole-layer basal nitrogen kept total and lower nodal roots more active at heading and ripening than surface placement.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- activities of the total roots especially the lower nodal onese0
- Direction
- activee0
- Comparator
- nitrogen, application to surface layer soile0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the activities of the total roots especially the lower nodal ones were active at the heading and ripening stages as compared with the activites in case of nitrogen, application to surface layer soil”
t0“Rice Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher lower nodal root activity was associated with more leaf chlorophyll.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll was contained in the leafe0
- Direction
- moree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The higher the lower-nodal root activity, the more chlorophyll was contained in the leaf”
t0“Rice Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher lower nodal root activity was associated with slower leaf chlorophyll destruction.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- leaf bladee0
- Outcome
- destruction of chlorophyll in the leaf bladee0
- Direction
- slowere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the slower destruction of chlorophyll in the leaf blade was taken place”
t0“Rice Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attributed higher yield under deep or whole-layer nitrogen to root activity and chlorophyll relationships.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen application to either deep-layer or the whole soil layerse0
- Outcome
- higher yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the higher yield was directly attributed to these relationships in case of nitrogen application to either deep-layer or the whole soil layers”
t0“Rice Plant”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
401 papers in the same direction as this paper · 101 in the opposite direction · 8 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
507 papers more in this group
See all 511 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.