Abstract
SummaryRedchief Delicious apple trees on MM. 106 and M.9 rootstocks were left unpruned, dormant headed at planting, or summer headed 12 weeks after planting, to investigate pruning and rootstock effects on dry weight distribution between roots and shoots during the first growing season. Dormant heading stimulated new shoot dry weight and reduced new root dry weight during the first six weeks after planting. However, by 12 weeks differences in new root dry weight and new shoot dry weight were insignificant. Summer heading resulted in a significant increase in new shoot growth and decrease in new root growth. This caused the root/shoot ratio in headed trees to return to the unpruned value within six weeks after summer heading. New root growth was reduced over a longer time by dormant heading trees on MM. 106 than those on M.9. New shoot growth was increased longer in trees on M.9. Allometric constants (K) of new shoot growth relative to new root growth were significantly changed by dormant heading with both rootstocks. Summer heading had the greatest effect on K values by shifting growth heavily toward new shoots. Root/shoot ratios in all treatments for both rootstocks showed no differences 24 weeks after planting.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Dormant heading increased new shoot dry weight during the first six weeks.
- Taxon
- apple trees
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- Dormant headinge0
- Outcome
- new shoot dry weighte0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
- Qualifier
- during the first six weeks after plantinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dormant heading stimulated new shoot dry weight and reduced new root dry weight during the first six weeks after planting.”
t0“apple trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Dormant heading reduced new root dry weight during the first six weeks.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Dormant headinge0
- Outcome
- new root dry weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- during the first six weeks after plantinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dormant heading stimulated new shoot dry weight and reduced new root dry weight during the first six weeks after planting.”
t0“apple trees”
Claim · model-written summary
By 12 weeks, new root and shoot dry weight differences were insignificant.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- differences in new root dry weight and new shoot dry weighte0
- Qualifier
- by 12 weekse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“by 12 weeks differences in new root dry weight and new shoot dry weight were insignificant.”
t0“apple trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Summer heading significantly increased new shoot growth.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Summer headinge0
- Outcome
- new shoot growthe0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Summer heading resulted in a significant increase in new shoot growth and decrease in new root growth.”
t0“apple trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Summer heading decreased new root growth.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Summer headinge0
- Outcome
- new root growthe0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Summer heading resulted in a significant increase in new shoot growth and decrease in new root growth.”
t0“apple trees”
Claim · model-written summary
After summer heading, the root/shoot ratio returned to the unpruned value within six weeks.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- summer headinge0
- Outcome
- root/shoot ratioe0
- Direction
- returne0
- Qualifier
- within six weekse0
- Comparator
- unpruned valuee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“root/shoot ratio in headed trees to return to the unpruned value within six weeks after summer heading.”
t0“apple trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Dormant heading reduced new root growth for longer on MM. 106 than on M.9.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticat0
- Material
- MM. 106e0
- Treatment
- dormant headinge0
- Outcome
- New root growthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- over a longer timee0
- Comparator
- M.9e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“New root growth was reduced over a longer time by dormant heading trees on MM. 106 than those on M.9.”
t0“apple trees”
Claim · model-written summary
New shoot growth increased for longer on M.9.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticat0
- Material
- M.9e0
- Outcome
- New shoot growthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“New shoot growth was increased longer in trees on M.9.”
t0“apple trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Dormant heading significantly changed allometric constants for shoot relative to root growth on both rootstocks.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- dormant headinge0
- Outcome
- Allometric constants (K) of new shoot growth relative to new root growthe0
- Direction
- changede0
- Qualifier
- with both rootstockse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Allometric constants (K) of new shoot growth relative to new root growth were significantly changed by dormant heading with both rootstocks.”
t0“apple trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Summer heading shifted the allometric constants most toward new shoot growth.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Summer headinge0
- Outcome
- K valuese0
- Direction
- shiftinge0
- Qualifier
- toward new shootse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Summer heading had the greatest effect on K values by shifting growth heavily toward new shoots.”
t0“apple trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Root/shoot ratios did not differ among treatments and rootstocks at 24 weeks.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- Root/shoot ratiose0
- Direction
- no differencese0
- Qualifier
- 24 weeks after plantinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root/shoot ratios in all treatments for both rootstocks showed no differences 24 weeks after planting.”
t0“apple trees”