Abstract
One of the factors which affect the quality of rice during milling is internal fissures created during and after drying operation. In many industrial countries intermittent drying method is hired to reduce the moisture content of rough rice in order to reduce the drying time and maintain the quality of the final product. A high percentage of rice breakage during milling process, at least in Iran, necessitates performing the intermittent drying process and optimize it for Iranian varieties. In this study, the effect of this method (drying-tempering) and continuous drying method (no tempering) on fissuring percentage of Hashemi (long grain) and Koohsar (medium grain) varieties was investigated. The experiments were carried out at constant drying and tempering temperature of 60 °C, drying durations of 20, 40 and 60 min, and tempering durations of 0 (continuous drying), 40, 80, 120, 160, 200, 240 min. The results revealed that the tempering process significantly reduced the drying time and fissured kernels percentage. Moreover, for both varieties it was observed that the rice fissuring decreased significantly by continuing the tempering process until certain durations. Overall, for optimization of intermittent drying process in terms of the considered qualitative parameters, i.e. reducing energy consumption and losses, conducting 160 and 200 min tempering process after 40 min drying was found appropriate for Hashemi and Koohsar varieties, respectively. In addition, according to the higher fissuring for Koohsar (medium grain) compared to Hashemi (long grain), it can be concluded that physical properties such as kernel slenderness ratio is effective on its fissuring.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Tempering significantly reduced the drying time relative to continuous drying without tempering.
Verbatim
t0“Long and Medium Rough Rice Varieties”
e1“In this study, the effect of this method (drying-tempering) and continuous drying method (no tempering) on fissuring percentage of Hashemi (long grain) and Koohsar (medium grain) varieties was investigated”
e2“The results revealed that the tempering process significantly reduced the drying time and fissured kernels percentage”
Claim · model-written summary
Tempering significantly reduced the fissured kernels percentage relative to continuous drying without tempering.
Verbatim
t0“Long and Medium Rough Rice Varieties”
e1“In this study, the effect of this method (drying-tempering) and continuous drying method (no tempering) on fissuring percentage of Hashemi (long grain) and Koohsar (medium grain) varieties was investigated”
e2“The results revealed that the tempering process significantly reduced the drying time and fissured kernels percentage”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice fissuring decreased significantly as tempering continued up to certain durations, for both varieties.
- Taxon
- rough ricet0
- Material
- Hashemi (long grain) and Koohsar (medium grain)e1
- Treatment
- continuing the tempering process until certain durationse3
- Outcome
- rice fissuringe3
- Direction
- decreasede3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Long and Medium Rough Rice Varieties”
e1“In this study, the effect of this method (drying-tempering) and continuous drying method (no tempering) on fissuring percentage of Hashemi (long grain) and Koohsar (medium grain) varieties was investigated”
e3“for both varieties it was observed that the rice fissuring decreased significantly by continuing the tempering process until certain durations”
Claim · model-written summary
Tempering of 160 and 200 min after 40 min drying was found appropriate for Hashemi and Koohsar varieties, respectively.
Verbatim
t0“Long and Medium Rough Rice Varieties”
e4“conducting 160 and 200 min tempering process after 40 min drying was found appropriate for Hashemi and Koohsar varieties, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Koohsar (medium grain) had higher fissuring than Hashemi (long grain).
Verbatim
t0“Long and Medium Rough Rice Varieties”
e5“higher fissuring for Koohsar (medium grain) compared to Hashemi (long grain)”
Claim · model-written summary
Physical properties such as kernel slenderness ratio are effective on fissuring of rough rice.
Verbatim
t0“Long and Medium Rough Rice Varieties”
e6“physical properties such as kernel slenderness ratio is effective on its fissuring”