Abstract
A field experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of nitrogen(N) fertilization rates on grain yield and processing quality.Strong gluten wheat cultivars,Jimai 20 and Wanmai 38,and middle gluten wheat cultivars,Jingdong 8 and Zhongmai 8 were selected as test materials.The results show that within the range of N 0-360 kg/ha fertilizer levels,the increase of the amount of N-fertilizer could suppress chlorophyll's degrading,keep the N-content of flag at a high level,ease flag leaf senescence,and prolong the functional stage of flag.The chlorophyll and N contents of flag leaves of the strong gluten wheat cultivars are decreased slowly than those of the middle gluten wheat cultivars.The grain yields and protein contents are all increased with the increase of the N-fertilizer amounts,and reach their maxima under the treatment of applying nitrogen at N 270 kg/ha.When the nitrogen application rate reaches to 360 kg/ha,the grain yields and protein contents are decreased.The grain yields and protein contents of the strong gluten wheat cultivars are higher than those of the middle gluten wheat cultivars,while the spike numbers,grains per spike more and grain weight of the middle gluten wheat cultivars are higher.The nitrogen fertilization could increase flour yield,rigidity,protein content and sedimentation volume.The nitrogen treatment of 180 kg/ha can prolong the development time and stability time and decrease the water absorption,and the score of bread is highest.The hardness,protein content,flour yield and sedimentation value of strong gluten wheat are high,the dough development time and stability are long,and the bread bulky and score are high.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
More nitrogen suppressed flag-leaf chlorophyll degradation.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- N-fertilizere0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll's degradinge0
- Direction
- suppresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the increase of the amount of N-fertilizer could suppress chlorophyll's degrading”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
More nitrogen kept flag-leaf nitrogen content high.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- N-fertilizere0
- Outcome
- N-content of flage0
- Direction
- highe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the increase of the amount of N-fertilizer could suppress chlorophyll's degrading,keep the N-content of flag at a high level”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
More nitrogen eased flag-leaf senescence and prolonged its functional stage.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- N-fertilizere0
- Outcome
- flag leaf senescence,and prolong the functional stage of flage0
- Direction
- prolonge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the increase of the amount of N-fertilizer could suppress chlorophyll's degrading,keep the N-content of flag at a high level,ease flag leaf senescence,and prolong the functional stage of flag”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Flag-leaf chlorophyll and nitrogen declined more slowly in strong-gluten than middle-gluten cultivars.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- strong gluten wheat cultivarse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll and N contents of flag leavese0
- Direction
- decreased slowlye0
- Comparator
- middle gluten wheat cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The chlorophyll and N contents of flag leaves of the strong gluten wheat cultivars are decreased slowly than those of the middle gluten wheat cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield rose with N rates to a maximum at N 270 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- N 270 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The grain yields and protein contents are all increased with the increase of the N-fertilizer amounts,and reach their maxima under the treatment of applying nitrogen at N 270 kg/ha”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain protein rose with N rates to a maximum at N 270 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- N 270 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- protein contentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The grain yields and protein contents are all increased with the increase of the N-fertilizer amounts,and reach their maxima under the treatment of applying nitrogen at N 270 kg/ha”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
At 360 kg/ha nitrogen, grain yields declined.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 360 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When the nitrogen application rate reaches to 360 kg/ha,the grain yields and protein contents are decreased”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
At 360 kg/ha nitrogen, grain protein contents declined.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 360 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- protein contentse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When the nitrogen application rate reaches to 360 kg/ha,the grain yields and protein contents are decreased”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Strong-gluten cultivars had higher grain yields and protein than middle-gluten cultivars.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- strong gluten wheat cultivarse0
- Outcome
- grain yields and protein contentse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- middle gluten wheat cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The grain yields and protein contents of the strong gluten wheat cultivars are higher than those of the middle gluten wheat cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Middle-gluten cultivars had higher spike number, grains per spike and grain weight.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- middle gluten wheat cultivarse0
- Outcome
- spike numbers,grains per spike more and grain weighte0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the spike numbers,grains per spike more and grain weight of the middle gluten wheat cultivars are higher”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilization increased flour yield, rigidity and protein content.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- nitrogen fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- flour yield,rigidity,protein contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The nitrogen fertilization could increase flour yield,rigidity,protein content and sedimentation volume”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilization increased sedimentation volume.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- nitrogen fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- sedimentation volumee0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The nitrogen fertilization could increase flour yield,rigidity,protein content and sedimentation volume”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The 180 kg/ha nitrogen treatment prolonged dough development and stability times.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 180 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- development time and stability timee0
- Direction
- prolonge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The nitrogen treatment of 180 kg/ha can prolong the development time and stability time”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The 180 kg/ha nitrogen treatment decreased water absorption.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 180 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- water absorptione0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The nitrogen treatment of 180 kg/ha can prolong the development time and stability time and decrease the water absorption”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Bread score was highest under 180 kg/ha nitrogen.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 180 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- score of breade0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The nitrogen treatment of 180 kg/ha can prolong the development time and stability time and decrease the water absorption,and the score of bread is highest”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Strong-gluten wheat had high hardness, protein content and flour yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- strong gluten wheate0
- Outcome
- hardness,protein content,flour yielde0
- Direction
- highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The hardness,protein content,flour yield and sedimentation value of strong gluten wheat are high”
Claim · model-written summary
Strong-gluten wheat had high sedimentation value.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- strong gluten wheate0
- Outcome
- sedimentation valuee0
- Direction
- highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sedimentation value of strong gluten wheat are high”
Claim · model-written summary
Strong-gluten wheat had long dough development and stability times.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- dough development time and stabilitye0
- Direction
- longe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the dough development time and stability are long”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Strong-gluten wheat bread had high bulk and score.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- bread bulky and scoree0
- Direction
- highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the bread bulky and score are high”
t0“wheat”
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