Abstract
The distribution patterns of roots in walnut-wheat agro-forestry system was studied for providing theoretical basis in the walnut/wheat intercropping system in southern Xinjiang and for improving the efficiency of land use of intercropping system.Walnut/wheat mono-cropping ecosystem as control,samples were collected by soil coring method,analysis system of Win-RHIZO root was used to measure root morphology parameters.Moreover,differences of the roots spatial distribution between the agro-forestry ecosystem and mono-cropping ecosystem were analyzed and the evaluation of land equivalent ratio on intercropping system.The results showed that root length density and root surface area density in intercropped wheat and jujube trees were lower than those in the corresponding soil in their monoculture systems.Root surface area density of intercropped one-year-old walnut,twoyear-old walnut decreased by 30.36%and 26.18%compared to its mono-culture one-year-old walnut,two-year-old walnut in 20-40 cm soil of agro-forestry ecosystem;root surface area density of intercropped wheat with one-year-old walnut,2-year-old walnut decreased by 23.7% and 59.2% compared to its mono-culture wheat in 20-40 cm soil of agro-forestry ecosystem.In intercropped system,mono-culture at the depths from 0to 40 cm soil within 0-100 cm soil 1-year-old walnut,2-year-old walnut of root dry mass density of the root total biomass were 75.31%、82.84%、76.76%、83.23%.The roots of walnut and wheat had niche overlap in the 0-40 cm soil,It caused that root surface area density and root dry mass density of intercropped wheat and walnut trees distributed unevenly.The land equivalent ratio of above ground biomass(1.620 and 1.617)of walnut/wheat intercropping system were greater than 1,compared to the corresponding mono-culture systems,It had a higher efficiency in land use.In agro-forestry eco-system,most of the root competitions appear in 0-40 cm soil depth.For adapting to the competition and maximize access to resources in soils in agroforestry systems,the spatial distribution and morphology in roots might have a high plasticity during the growth of walnut and wheat.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropped walnut root surface area density fell 30.36% at one year in 20-40 cm soil.
Verbatim
e0“Root surface area density of intercropped one-year-old walnut,twoyear-old walnut decreased by 30.36%and 26.18%compared to its mono-culture one-year-old walnut,two-year-old walnut in 20-40 cm soil of agro-forestry ecosystem”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropped two-year-old walnut root surface area density fell 26.18% in 20-40 cm soil.
Verbatim
e0“Root surface area density of intercropped one-year-old walnut,twoyear-old walnut decreased by 30.36%and 26.18%compared to its mono-culture one-year-old walnut,two-year-old walnut in 20-40 cm soil of agro-forestry ecosystem”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat intercropped with one-year-old walnut had 23.7% lower root surface area density.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- intercropped wheat with one-year-old walnute0
- Outcome
- root surface area densitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 23.7%e0
- Comparator
- mono-culture wheate0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“root surface area density of intercropped wheat with one-year-old walnut,2-year-old walnut decreased by 23.7% and 59.2% compared to its mono-culture wheat in 20-40 cm soil of agro-forestry ecosystem”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat intercropped with two-year-old walnut had 59.2% lower root surface area density.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- intercropped wheat with one-year-old walnut,2-year-old walnute0
- Outcome
- root surface area densitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 59.2%e0
- Comparator
- mono-culture wheate0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“root surface area density of intercropped wheat with one-year-old walnut,2-year-old walnut decreased by 23.7% and 59.2% compared to its mono-culture wheat in 20-40 cm soil of agro-forestry ecosystem”
Claim · model-written summary
Walnut and wheat roots overlapped in the 0-40 cm layer.
Verbatim
e0“The roots of walnut and wheat had niche overlap in the 0-40 cm soil”
Claim · model-written summary
The walnut/wheat intercrop land equivalent ratio exceeded one.
Verbatim
e0“The land equivalent ratio of above ground biomass(1.620 and 1.617)of walnut/wheat intercropping system were greater than 1”
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