Abstract
【Objective】This study was conducted to evaluate the regulating effects of roots in different soil layers on plant growth after anthesis and yield formation in summer maize,aimed to provide theoretical supports for building high efficient root systems of maize and then increase grain yield of maize.【Method】Two high yield summer maize varieties, Zhengdan 958(ZD) and Denghai 661(DH), were used as experimental materials, and they were planted in soil columns. Three treatments(without cutting the roots, CK; cutting maize roots at 40 cm below the surface at anthesis, T-40; cutting roots at 80 cm below the surface at anthesis) were designed to evaluate the regulating effects of summer maize roots in different soil layers on shoot growth and yield formation.【Result】 The regulation of upper roots(0-40 cm) to nitrogen uptake and translocation was most significantly. While losing function of deep roots(below 40 cm) reduced nitrogen absorption capacity, and accelerated the transportation from nutritive organs to grain kernels. Deep roots below 40 cm had significant effects on leaves staying green and photosynthetic performance. Cutting deeper roots at anthesis significantly decreased green leaf area per plant, chlorophyll content, activity of SOD and Pn, and increased the content of MDA, shortened the duration of high photosynthesis and reduced biomass of plant and grain yield significantly.Intermediate roots(40-80 cm) had notable influence on grain numbers of per ear and grain weight; however, deeper roots had more significant effects on grain weight than grain numbers per ear.【Conclusion】Cutting upper roots(0-40 cm) reduced maize yield significantly. Intermediate roots had significant influences on grain numbers per ear and grain weight; deeper roots had significant effects on grain weight than grain numbers per ear. In high-yielding cultivation, keeping deep root actively can delay leaf senescence,enhance photosynthetic performance and absorption of nitrogen, and increase grain yield.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Upper roots (0-40 cm) most strongly regulated nitrogen uptake and translocation in summer maize.
Zea maysNot reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of Root in Different Soil Layers on Plant Growth and Yield Formation After Anthesis in Summer Maize”
e1“The regulation of upper roots(0-40 cm) to nitrogen uptake and translocation was most significantly”
Claim · model-written summary
Losing function of deep roots (below 40 cm) reduced nitrogen absorption capacity.
- Treatment
- losing function of deep roots(below 40 cm)e2
- Outcome
- nitrogen absorption capacitye2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Comparator
- without cutting the rootse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of Root in Different Soil Layers on Plant Growth and Yield Formation After Anthesis in Summer Maize”
e2“While losing function of deep roots(below 40 cm) reduced nitrogen absorption capacity, and accelerated the transportation from nutritive organs to grain kernels”
e3“Three treatments(without cutting the roots, CK; cutting maize roots at 40 cm below the surface at anthesis, T-40; cutting roots at 80 cm below the surface at anthesis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Losing function of deep roots (below 40 cm) accelerated transport from nutritive organs to grain kernels.
- Treatment
- losing function of deep roots(below 40 cm)e2
- Outcome
- transportation from nutritive organs to grain kernelse2
- Direction
- acceleratede2
- Comparator
- without cutting the rootse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of Root in Different Soil Layers on Plant Growth and Yield Formation After Anthesis in Summer Maize”
e2“While losing function of deep roots(below 40 cm) reduced nitrogen absorption capacity, and accelerated the transportation from nutritive organs to grain kernels”
e3“Three treatments(without cutting the roots, CK; cutting maize roots at 40 cm below the surface at anthesis, T-40; cutting roots at 80 cm below the surface at anthesis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Deep roots below 40 cm had significant effects on leaf greenness and photosynthetic performance.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of Root in Different Soil Layers on Plant Growth and Yield Formation After Anthesis in Summer Maize”
e4“Deep roots below 40 cm had significant effects on leaves staying green and photosynthetic performance”
Claim · model-written summary
Cutting deeper roots at anthesis significantly decreased green leaf area per plant.
- Treatment
- Cutting deeper roots at anthesise5
- Outcome
- green leaf area per plante5
- Direction
- decreasede5
- Comparator
- without cutting the rootse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of Root in Different Soil Layers on Plant Growth and Yield Formation After Anthesis in Summer Maize”
e3“Three treatments(without cutting the roots, CK; cutting maize roots at 40 cm below the surface at anthesis, T-40; cutting roots at 80 cm below the surface at anthesis)”
e5“Cutting deeper roots at anthesis significantly decreased green leaf area per plant, chlorophyll content, activity of SOD and Pn, and increased the content of MDA, shortened the duration of high photosynthesis and reduced biomass of plant and grain yield significantly”
Claim · model-written summary
Cutting deeper roots at anthesis significantly decreased chlorophyll content and SOD and Pn activity.
- Treatment
- Cutting deeper roots at anthesise5
- Outcome
- chlorophyll content, activity of SOD and Pne5
- Direction
- decreasede5
- Comparator
- without cutting the rootse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of Root in Different Soil Layers on Plant Growth and Yield Formation After Anthesis in Summer Maize”
e3“Three treatments(without cutting the roots, CK; cutting maize roots at 40 cm below the surface at anthesis, T-40; cutting roots at 80 cm below the surface at anthesis)”
e5“Cutting deeper roots at anthesis significantly decreased green leaf area per plant, chlorophyll content, activity of SOD and Pn, and increased the content of MDA, shortened the duration of high photosynthesis and reduced biomass of plant and grain yield significantly”
Claim · model-written summary
Cutting deeper roots at anthesis significantly increased the content of MDA.
- Treatment
- Cutting deeper roots at anthesise5
- Outcome
- content of MDAe5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Comparator
- without cutting the rootse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of Root in Different Soil Layers on Plant Growth and Yield Formation After Anthesis in Summer Maize”
e3“Three treatments(without cutting the roots, CK; cutting maize roots at 40 cm below the surface at anthesis, T-40; cutting roots at 80 cm below the surface at anthesis)”
e5“Cutting deeper roots at anthesis significantly decreased green leaf area per plant, chlorophyll content, activity of SOD and Pn, and increased the content of MDA, shortened the duration of high photosynthesis and reduced biomass of plant and grain yield significantly”
Claim · model-written summary
Cutting deeper roots at anthesis significantly shortened the duration of high photosynthesis.
- Treatment
- Cutting deeper roots at anthesise5
- Outcome
- duration of high photosynthesise5
- Direction
- shortenede5
- Comparator
- without cutting the rootse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of Root in Different Soil Layers on Plant Growth and Yield Formation After Anthesis in Summer Maize”
e3“Three treatments(without cutting the roots, CK; cutting maize roots at 40 cm below the surface at anthesis, T-40; cutting roots at 80 cm below the surface at anthesis)”
e5“Cutting deeper roots at anthesis significantly decreased green leaf area per plant, chlorophyll content, activity of SOD and Pn, and increased the content of MDA, shortened the duration of high photosynthesis and reduced biomass of plant and grain yield significantly”
Claim · model-written summary
Cutting deeper roots at anthesis significantly reduced plant biomass and grain yield.
- Treatment
- Cutting deeper roots at anthesise5
- Outcome
- biomass of plant and grain yielde5
- Direction
- reducede5
- Comparator
- without cutting the rootse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of Root in Different Soil Layers on Plant Growth and Yield Formation After Anthesis in Summer Maize”
e3“Three treatments(without cutting the roots, CK; cutting maize roots at 40 cm below the surface at anthesis, T-40; cutting roots at 80 cm below the surface at anthesis)”
e5“Cutting deeper roots at anthesis significantly decreased green leaf area per plant, chlorophyll content, activity of SOD and Pn, and increased the content of MDA, shortened the duration of high photosynthesis and reduced biomass of plant and grain yield significantly”
Claim · model-written summary
Intermediate roots (40-80 cm) had notable influence on grain number per ear and grain weight.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of Root in Different Soil Layers on Plant Growth and Yield Formation After Anthesis in Summer Maize”
e6“Intermediate roots(40-80 cm) had notable influence on grain numbers of per ear and grain weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Deeper roots had more significant effects on grain weight than on grain number per ear.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of Root in Different Soil Layers on Plant Growth and Yield Formation After Anthesis in Summer Maize”
e7“deeper roots had more significant effects on grain weight than grain numbers per ear”
Claim · model-written summary
Cutting upper roots (0-40 cm) significantly reduced maize yield.
- Treatment
- Cutting upper roots(0-40 cm)e7
- Outcome
- maize yielde7
- Direction
- reducede7
- Comparator
- without cutting the rootse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of Root in Different Soil Layers on Plant Growth and Yield Formation After Anthesis in Summer Maize”
e3“Three treatments(without cutting the roots, CK; cutting maize roots at 40 cm below the surface at anthesis, T-40; cutting roots at 80 cm below the surface at anthesis)”
e7“Cutting upper roots(0-40 cm) reduced maize yield significantly”
Claim · model-written summary
Keeping deep roots active is recommended for high-yielding maize cultivation.
- Outcome
- keeping deep root activelye6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of Root in Different Soil Layers on Plant Growth and Yield Formation After Anthesis in Summer Maize”
e6“In high-yielding cultivation, keeping deep root actively can delay leaf senescence,enhance photosynthetic performance and absorption of nitrogen, and increase grain yield”
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