Paper · 2003

Effects of effective microorganisms (EM) compost on summer maize grow th and development

Tong Xiao; Wei Li

7
claims
9
verbatim quotes
1
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

An experiment was done in plots of summer maize field wi th different fertilizer treatments.The results show that the soil organic matter ,total nitrogen and available nitrogen are higher in the plots applied with EM c ompost than those applied with the same amount of traditional compost and chemic al fertilizer. LAI, leaf chlorophyll content,the biomass of canopy,leaves stem s ,ears and grains of maize,which have similar variation trends in different ferti lizer treatments,were higher in plots applied with EM compost than those applied with the same amount of traditional compost and chemical fertilizer.The more th e compost input,the more obvious difference in the values.Maize yields in th e plots applied with EM compost are 11%~20% higher than those applied with the same amount of traditional compost.The more the compost input,the more remarkabl e increase of the maize yield.

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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 7

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

EM compost plots had higher soil organic matter, total nitrogen and available nitrogen.

Taxon
summer maizeZea mayst0
Treatment
EM c omposte0
Outcome
soil organic matter ,total nitrogen and available nitrogene0
Direction
highere0
Comparator
traditional compost and chemic al fertilizere0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“soil organic matter ,total nitrogen and available nitrogen are higher in the plots applied with EM c ompost than those applied with the same amount of traditional compost and chemic al fertilizer”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 118–313 · show in text ↑
t0

“summer maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 52–64 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

EM compost increased maize leaf area index and leaf chlorophyll content relative to the other fertilizers.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Treatment
EM composte0
Outcome
LAI, leaf chlorophyll contente0
Direction
highere0
Comparator
traditional compost and chemical fertilizere0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“LAI, leaf chlorophyll content,the biomass of canopy,leaves stem s ,ears and grains of maize,which have similar variation trends in different ferti lizer treatments,were higher in plots applied with EM compost than those applied with the same amount of traditional compost and chemical fertilizer”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 315–610 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

EM compost increased maize canopy, leaf and stem biomass relative to other fertilizers.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Treatment
EM composte0
Outcome
biomass of canopy,leaves stem se0
Direction
highere0
Comparator
traditional compost and chemical fertilizere0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“LAI, leaf chlorophyll content,the biomass of canopy,leaves stem s ,ears and grains of maize,which have similar variation trends in different ferti lizer treatments,were higher in plots applied with EM compost than those applied with the same amount of traditional compost and chemical fertilizer”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 315–610 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

EM compost increased maize ear and grain biomass relative to other fertilizers.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Treatment
EM composte0
Outcome
ears and grains of maizee0
Direction
highere0
Comparator
traditional compost and chemical fertilizere0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“LAI, leaf chlorophyll content,the biomass of canopy,leaves stem s ,ears and grains of maize,which have similar variation trends in different ferti lizer treatments,were higher in plots applied with EM compost than those applied with the same amount of traditional compost and chemical fertilizer”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 315–610 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Greater compost input made treatment differences in measured maize traits more pronounced.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Treatment
compost inpute0
Outcome
difference in the valuese0
Direction
more obviouse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The more th e compost input,the more obvious difference in the values”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 611–680 · show in text ↑
t0

“maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 59–64 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Maize yield with EM compost was 11%~20% higher than with the same amount of traditional compost.

Taxon
MaizeZea mayse0
Treatment
EM composte0
Outcome
Maize yieldse0
Direction
highere0
Value
11%~20%e0
Comparator
traditional composte0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Maize yields in th e plots applied with EM compost are 11%~20% higher than those applied with the same amount of traditional compost”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 681–813 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Higher compost input produced a more remarkable maize yield increase.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Treatment
compost inpute0
Outcome
maize yielde0
Direction
increasee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The more the compost input,the more remarkabl e increase of the maize yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 814–889 · show in text ↑

inoculation · physiology: pigments · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

95 papers: 85 positive, 10 negative or no effect

84 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

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fertilization · organism · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

162 papers: 137 positive, 25 negative or no effect

136 papers in the same direction as this paper · 20 in the opposite direction · 5 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. no effect
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inoculation · organism · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

40 papers: 34 positive, 6 negative or no effect

33 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
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fertilization · physiology: pigments · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

171 papers: 157 positive, 14 negative or no effect

156 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
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inoculation · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

306 papers: 288 positive, 18 negative or no effect

287 papers in the same direction as this paper · 16 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
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inoculation · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

538 papers: 479 positive, 59 negative or no effect

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  1. no effect
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inoculation · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

699 papers: 635 positive, 64 negative or no effect

634 papers in the same direction as this paper · 61 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. no effect
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fertilization · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

1,365 papers: 1,196 positive, 169 negative or no effect

1,195 papers in the same direction as this paper · 149 in the opposite direction · 20 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
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8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.