Abstract
Ecologically controlling weeds does not only reduce consumption of soil water and nutrient,but also avoid or reduce application of chemical herbicides.Two ecologically-based weed management strategies based on pre-evaluation and competition of niche,straw mulching and white clover intercropping,were conducted in hilly tea plantations in 2005 and 2006,with clean tillage as the CK.Characteristics of weed community,including weed abundance,dominance,evenness,biomass and mean height were investigated via multi-sampling in small plot and the effects of two ecologically-based weed management strategies were compared with the clean tillage.About 16 families and 31 species of weeds are identified in the study.In April,the dominant weed species are those growing slowing with low biomass and lower than 30 cm.In July and September,the abundance (Pi) of malignant weed in CK respectively reaches 0.788 and 0.759,while that in straw mulching treatment is respectively 0.256 and 0.420,and a lower malignant weed occurrence frequency is found in white clover intercropping treatment with Pi0.050.Weed richness,species diversity and evenness under straw mulching treatment are all higher than those under CK,though the dominant concentration index is lower than that of CK in spring,summer and autumn.Total number,biomass in spring,summer and autumn,and mean weed height in summer and autumn under white clover intercropping treatment are lower than those under the control.The two ecologically-based treatments have a favorable effect on weed control than the clean tillage.It therefore implies that white clover intercropping and straw mulching are effective ecological weed control measures.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Sixteen weed families and 31 weed species were identified in the tea plantations.
Verbatim
e0“About 16 families and 31 species of weeds are identified in the study.”
t0“tea plantations”
Claim · model-written summary
In April, dominant weeds grew slowly, had low biomass and were under 30 cm.
Verbatim
e0“In April,the dominant weed species are those growing slowing with low biomass and lower than 30 cm.”
t0“tea plantations”
Claim · model-written summary
In July, malignant weed abundance was 0.256 with straw mulch versus 0.788 under clean tillage.
- Taxon
- teat0
- Treatment
- straw mulching treatmente0
- Interactor
- malignant weede0weed
- Outcome
- abundance (Pi) of malignant weede0
- Value
- 0.256e0
- Qualifier
- In Julye0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“In July and September,the abundance (Pi) of malignant weed in CK respectively reaches 0.788 and 0.759,while that in straw mulching treatment is respectively 0.256 and 0.420”
t0“tea plantations”
Claim · model-written summary
In September, malignant weed abundance was 0.420 with straw mulch versus 0.759 under clean tillage.
- Taxon
- teat0
- Treatment
- straw mulching treatmente0
- Interactor
- malignant weede0weed
- Outcome
- abundance (Pi) of malignant weede0
- Value
- 0.420e0
- Qualifier
- Septembere0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“In July and September,the abundance (Pi) of malignant weed in CK respectively reaches 0.788 and 0.759,while that in straw mulching treatment is respectively 0.256 and 0.420”
t0“tea plantations”
Claim · model-written summary
White clover intercropping had lower malignant weed occurrence frequency.
- Taxon
- teat0
- Treatment
- white clover intercropping treatmente0
- Interactor
- malignant weede0weed
- Outcome
- malignant weed occurrence frequencye0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- Pi0.050e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“a lower malignant weed occurrence frequency is found in white clover intercropping treatment with Pi0.050.”
t0“tea plantations”
Claim · model-written summary
Straw mulch increased weed richness, species diversity and evenness compared with clean tillage.
Verbatim
e0“Weed richness,species diversity and evenness under straw mulching treatment are all higher than those under CK”
t0“tea plantations”
Claim · model-written summary
Straw mulch lowered the weed dominant concentration index relative to clean tillage across seasons.
Verbatim
e0“Weed richness,species diversity and evenness under straw mulching treatment are all higher than those under CK,though the dominant concentration index is lower than that of CK in spring,summer and autumn.”
t0“tea plantations”
Claim · model-written summary
White clover intercropping lowered total weed number relative to clean tillage.
Verbatim
e0“Total number,biomass in spring,summer and autumn,and mean weed height in summer and autumn under white clover intercropping treatment are lower than those under the control.”
t0“weed management strategies on weed community and diversity in hilly tea plantations”
Claim · model-written summary
White clover intercropping lowered weed biomass in spring, summer and autumn.
Verbatim
e0“Total number,biomass in spring,summer and autumn,and mean weed height in summer and autumn under white clover intercropping treatment are lower than those under the control.”
t0“weed management strategies on weed community and diversity in hilly tea plantations”
Claim · model-written summary
White clover intercropping lowered mean weed height in summer and autumn.
Verbatim
e0“Total number,biomass in spring,summer and autumn,and mean weed height in summer and autumn under white clover intercropping treatment are lower than those under the control.”
t0“weed management strategies on weed community and diversity in hilly tea plantations”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded that white clover intercropping is an effective ecological weed control measure.
Verbatim
e0“white clover intercropping and straw mulching are effective ecological weed control measures.”
t0“tea plantations”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded that straw mulching is an effective ecological weed control measure.
Verbatim
e0“white clover intercropping and straw mulching are effective ecological weed control measures.”
t0“tea plantations”
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