Abstract
With japonica rice Yangfujing 8 as material,dry matter production,yield formation and the related physiological traits of rice under simplified cultivations(direct seeding,mechanical transplanting and parachute transplanting)with wheat residue return and wheat residue removal were investigated.Compared with the rice plants under wheat residue removal,the panicle number of rice plants under wheat residue return was decreased slightly,whereas the number of grains per panicle,seed-setting rate and 1000-grain weight were all increased,leading to a significant increase in grain yield.Under wheat residue return,number of stems and tillers of rice was much lower at all the growth stages,and the photosynthetic potential,leaf area index and dry matter accumulation were lower before the heading stage but higher after heading stage than those under wheat residue removal.For rice plants under wheat residue return,the root-shoot ratio was higher at all the growth stages,and the high efficient leaf area and its ratio to total leaf area at the heading stage,the grain-leaf ratio,the exportation and transportation rates of carbohydrates stored in stems and sheaths and the harvest index were all higher than those for rice plants under wheat residue removal.Moreover,the root activity,root bleeding,photosynthetic rate and ATPase activity in grains of rice plants under wheat residue return were also higher than those of rice plants under wheat residue removal during grain filling stage.The physiological causes of high-yielding rice under wheat residue return were discussed,and the key regulatory approaches under wheat residue return in rice were put forward.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat residue return slightly decreased rice panicle number.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- wheat residue returne0
- Outcome
- panicle numbere0
- Direction
- decreased slightlye0
- Comparator
- wheat residue removale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with the rice plants under wheat residue removal,the panicle number of rice plants under wheat residue return was decreased slightly”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat residue return increased rice grains per panicle, seed-setting rate and 1000-grain weight.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- wheat residue returne1
- Outcome
- number of grains per panicle,seed-setting rate and 1000-grain weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- wheat residue removale2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the number of grains per panicle,seed-setting rate and 1000-grain weight were all increased”
t0“Rice”
e1“under wheat residue return was decreased slightly,whereas the number of grains per panicle,seed-setting rate and 1000-grain weight were all increased”
e2“rice plants under wheat residue removal,the panicle number”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat residue return significantly increased rice grain yield.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- wheat residue returnt0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- wheat residue removale1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leading to a significant increase in grain yield.”
t0“Rice under Simplified Cultivation with Wheat Residue Return”
e1“rice plants under wheat residue removal,the panicle number”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice stem and tiller number was much lower with residue return at all growth stages.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- wheat residue returne0
- Outcome
- number of stems and tillerse0
- Direction
- much lowere0
- Qualifier
- all the growth stagese0
- Comparator
- wheat residue removale1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under wheat residue return,number of stems and tillers of rice was much lower at all the growth stages”
e1“than those under wheat residue removal.”
Claim · model-written summary
Before heading, residue return lowered rice photosynthetic potential, leaf area index and dry matter accumulation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- wheat residue returne1
- Outcome
- photosynthetic potential,leaf area index and dry matter accumulatione0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- before the heading stagee0
- Comparator
- wheat residue removale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the photosynthetic potential,leaf area index and dry matter accumulation were lower before the heading stage but higher after heading stage than those under wheat residue removal.”
t0“Rice”
e1“Under wheat residue return”
Claim · model-written summary
After heading, residue return raised rice photosynthetic potential, leaf area index and dry matter accumulation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- wheat residue returne1
- Outcome
- photosynthetic potential,leaf area index and dry matter accumulatione0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- after heading stagee0
- Comparator
- wheat residue removale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the photosynthetic potential,leaf area index and dry matter accumulation were lower before the heading stage but higher after heading stage than those under wheat residue removal.”
t0“Rice”
e1“Under wheat residue return”
Claim · model-written summary
Residue return increased rice root-shoot ratio at all growth stages.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- wheat residue returne0
- Outcome
- root-shoot ratioe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- all the growth stagese0
- Comparator
- wheat residue removale1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For rice plants under wheat residue return,the root-shoot ratio was higher at all the growth stages”
e1“than those for rice plants under wheat residue removal.”
Claim · model-written summary
At heading, residue return increased high efficient leaf area and its fraction of total leaf area.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- wheat residue returne1
- Outcome
- high efficient leaf area and its ratio to total leaf areae0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- at the heading stagee0
- Comparator
- wheat residue removale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the high efficient leaf area and its ratio to total leaf area at the heading stage,the grain-leaf ratio,the exportation and transportation rates of carbohydrates stored in stems and sheaths and the harvest index were all higher than those for rice plants under wheat residue removal.”
e1“For rice plants under wheat residue return”
Claim · model-written summary
Residue return increased rice grain-leaf ratio and harvest index.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- wheat residue returne1
- Outcome
- grain-leaf ratioe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- harvest indexe0
- Comparator
- wheat residue removale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the grain-leaf ratio,the exportation and transportation rates of carbohydrates stored in stems and sheaths and the harvest index were all higher than those for rice plants under wheat residue removal.”
e1“For rice plants under wheat residue return”
Claim · model-written summary
Residue return increased exportation and transportation rates of carbohydrates stored in rice stems and sheaths.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- wheat residue returne1
- Outcome
- exportation and transportation rates of carbohydrates stored in stems and sheathse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- wheat residue removale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the exportation and transportation rates of carbohydrates stored in stems and sheaths and the harvest index were all higher than those for rice plants under wheat residue removal.”
e1“For rice plants under wheat residue return”
Claim · model-written summary
During grain filling, residue return increased rice root activity, root bleeding and photosynthetic rate.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- wheat residue returne0
- Outcome
- root activity,root bleeding,photosynthetic ratee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- grain filling stagee0
- Comparator
- wheat residue removale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the root activity,root bleeding,photosynthetic rate and ATPase activity in grains of rice plants under wheat residue return were also higher than those of rice plants under wheat residue removal during grain filling stage.”
Claim · model-written summary
During grain filling, residue return increased ATPase activity in rice grains.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- grainse0
- Treatment
- wheat residue returne0
- Gene
- ATPasee0
- Outcome
- ATPase activitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- grain filling stagee0
- Comparator
- wheat residue removale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ATPase activity in grains of rice plants under wheat residue return were also higher than those of rice plants under wheat residue removal during grain filling stage.”
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See all 6 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.